Causes of certain Winds and Storms. 171 



only European capital of which an account is given, where this 

 is not the case. " The wind is inclined to west at Paris, 

 (Young's Philosophy, vol. ii. p. 255.) See also Annals of Phi- 

 losophy for July 1822, where it is stated that, at St Petersburg, 

 from 1772 to 1792, to which period, with the addition of 1818 

 and 1819, the observations are confined, " the xoest wind pre- 

 vailed the most, and the south imnd the least!" The numbers 

 expressing the ratios of the winds from the diflFerent quarters are 

 not given, except for the year 1818, when the westerly winds 

 were to the easterly as 178 to 111. 



(c.) Westerly winds predominate over those from the east 

 quarter within the limits of the United States. See the different 

 meteorological tables furnished for pubhcation in the former 

 numbers of this Journal, by Messrs Beck, Field, Hildreth, 

 Hitchcock, and especially the abstract of the meteorological re- 

 gisters kept at the several military posts of the United States, 

 drawn up by Dr Lovell, and inserted in the 19th volume, 

 page 153, where the westerly are to the easterly winds, for a 

 term of four years, in the ratio of 12.59 to 9.63. 



(rf.) That west and south-west winds prevail in that part of 

 the Atlantic Ocean which lies beyond the northern limit of the 

 trade winds, is so well known that quotations in proof of it can 

 hardly be necessary, (See Bowditch's Navigation.) " Have we 

 not reason to believe that the almost constantly prevailing west 

 and south-west zcinds which cause the voyage from New York 

 or Philadelphia to England, to be called down, and from Eng- 

 land back, up, as well as that which blows at the top of the 

 Peak, are the upper equatorial current which has here descend- 

 ed, to skim the surface of the ocean * .'*'" 



(e.) Commodore Kriisenstern, as quoted by Wallenstein in 

 the Boston Journal of Philosophy, vol. iii. p. 282, states that 

 *' in the Pacific Ocean, from latitude 30° to the pole, the va- 

 riable winds are generally from the north-east and south-west." 



( /^ ) The following statements are from Encyclopaedias and 

 other compilations. During a term of sixteen years, the westerly 

 were to the easterly winds in Russia as 172 to 106. East 

 winds prevail in Germany. West winds are most frequent on 



" Von Buch, on the Climate of the Canary Islands, in Jameson's Journal. 



