Causes of certain Winds and Storms. 173 



173,*" and that " in the central parts of Europe the northern 

 winds are much more regular ; and there, especially in summer, 

 the Etesian breeze constantly prevails." 



{b.) Cotte's tables do not indicate the predominance and 

 permanence of northerly winds in that quarter of the world 

 which is asserted by Daniell. Of the capital cities heretofore 

 mentioned, Aleppo, Bassora, Berne, Petersburg, and Stock- 

 holm, appear to have an excess of northerly winds ; Amsterdam, 

 Berlin, and Copenhagen, of southerly ; whilst at Bagdad and 

 Paris the excess on either side is inconsiderable. These tables 

 were, however, published in 1788, after the work to which they 

 are attached had been in press for some years. The informa- 

 tion they afford respecting Germany is very meagre, whilst the 

 subject of meteorology appears to have excited an extraordinary 

 degree of interest in that country between the years 1781 and 

 1792, so that Daniell may have had access to documents by 

 which his assertions were fully warranted. 



(c.) It is stated in the Encyclopaedia Perthensis, that at St 

 Petersburg the northerly winds were found, during a term of 

 sixteen years, to be to the southerly as 133 to 119 (the westerly 

 were to the easterly as 133 to 92), and that in the Mediter- 

 ranean the north wind blozvs for nearly three-fourths of the 

 year. Other citations might be made from the same quarter ; 

 but their bearing upon the question before us is doubtful, as 

 merely the point from which the wind blows during the greatest 

 number of days is specified without any notices by which the 

 relative proportion of northerly and southerly winds may be 

 determined. 



(d.) In that part of the Atlantic Ocean lying beyond the 

 northern limit of the trade-winds between the United States and 

 Europe, it appears that southerly winds predominate *. Their 

 cause is probably analogous to that of the Gulf Stream. 



{e.) Of the meteorological registers that have been published 

 in this Journal, some, as those of Messrs Field, Olmsted, and 

 Wallenstein, show an excess of northerly winds ; others, as 

 those of Drs Beck, Lovell, and probably Hildreth, an excess of 

 southerly winds ; but in general the excess of the southerly over 



" See the quotation from Von Buch. 



