310 PROCEEDINGS OF THE MALACOLOGICAL SOCIETY. 



Helix mpersa, H. lactea, H. vermiculata, H. punctata, and H. harlara 

 live on the succulent blades of the aloe of which the hedges are made. 



The four first-named are commonly hawked in Seville as food. 

 Many leaves of the cactus or Barbary fig are completely perforated 

 from side to side by these molluscs, which, commencing at one side, 

 eat their way completely through the leaf. 



On February 16th all the specimens of Helix Pisana, several 

 hundreds, which I observed on the aloe, were making new ' shoots ' 

 to their shells. 



III. HoLOCENE Shells fkom the Roman Tombs, Necropolis Romana, 



Cakmona. 



(1) Tomb of Postumius. 



Helix lactea, Mull. ; Pisona, Miill. ; Helicdla harhara, Linn. ; mari- 

 tima, Drap. ; variabilis, Drap. ; Stenogyra (Pumina) decollata, Linn. ; 

 Caracolina lenticula, Fer. 



(2) Tomh No. 198. 



Helix lactea, Miill. ; Pisana, Miill. j Helicella maritima, Drap. ; 

 Caracolina lentieula, Fer. 



(3) Tumha del EJefante. 



Helix lactea, Miill. ; Helicella maritima, Drap. 



Since no remains later than the Roman occupation have been found 

 in or near these and other Roman tombs, we conclude that the Roman 

 Necropolis at Carmona was levelled by the Visigoths about the end of 

 the fifth century a.d., the graves filled in, and the whole place turned 

 into agricultural land. The few shells given above are only the 

 gleanings from what remains of the earth once filling the tombs, the 

 shells having been obtained in situ by Mr. G. Bonsor and myself 

 in company. No doubt, had the earth thrown out from the tombs 

 been searched at the time of their clearing, the list would have been 

 much, larger. 



Mr. George Bonsor (who jointly with Senor Fernandez Lopez owns 

 tbe estate), now that he knows the scientific value of such observations, 

 is careful that all mollusca occurring in any of his excavations shall 

 be preserved for examination and identification, and I trust that the 

 result of his researches may be reserved for the Malacological Society. 



(4) From intermetits of various dates {Early Neolithic to Roman). 



The shells named in this section were collected by Mr. George 

 Bonsor during excavations at various spots on the Alcores, all of 

 which, but one, are in the neighbourhood of Carmona. 



a. From Silo burials, the earliest Neolithic burials on the Alcores. 



(The numbers are those marked on the shells by Mr. Bonsor for 

 museum purposes.) 



(i) At Campo Real. 



Nos. 26 and 30, Margaritana sinuata, Lam. ; No, 29, JDentalium 

 elephantinum, Linn. ; No. 27, TJnio pictorum. Lam. ; No. 28, Unio 

 Uttoralis, Drap. 



