BULLEN : RECENT AND HOLOCENE SHELLS FROM SPAIN. 311 



(ii) At El Carlero. 



No. 11, Glycimeris violascens, Lam. 



(iii) At Acebuchal. 



Nos. 24 and 25, Marga/ritana sinuata, Lam. 



Of the above shells, the occurrence of a Red Sea species, Dentalium 

 elephantinum, at such an early period as that prehistoric era of Spain, 

 which shows no traces of Greek, Phoenician, or Carthaginian influence, 

 is decidedly interesting. 



Margaritana sinuata probably occurs in the rivers, the Corbones, 

 etc., not far distant, that flow into the Guadalquivir. Mr. Bonsor 

 mentions ^ having found two carved specimens, but I have not 

 seen these. 



b. From Megalithic tombs {Tomhes a galerie) at Bencarron : Middle 

 Neolithic in date. 



(i) Tombe a galerie No. 1. 



Nos. 32, 35, 37, and 39, Pecten maximus, Linn. ; No. 36, Chlamijs 

 opercularis, Linn. 



The edges of Patella Safiana^ Lam., Nos. 20 an.d 31, are ground to 

 form scoops or spoons, and the whole outer surface of 31 has been 

 ground down so smoothly as almost to obliterate the radial ribs. 



c. From late Neolithic tombs {loith characteristic pottery). 

 (i) At Castilleja de Guzman (near Seville). 



Trivia Europcea, Mont. 



About 200 of these occun-ed, bored for stringing as a necklace. 



(ii) Copper Age or Transition Period. [Copper implements of 

 small size occur with polished celts of diorite and other implements 

 of the late Neolithic era in Bronze Age, prior to 1100 B.C., the 

 generally received date of the arrival of the Phoenicians in Spain, at 

 Acebuchal, etc.] 



At Acebuchal. 



Nos. 12, 13, 14, and 15, Glycimeris violascens^ Lam.; No. 16, Vetms 

 verrucosa^ Linn. 



d. Iron Age {Punic or Keltic). 



At Cruz del Negro, near Carmona. 



Nos. 2, 3, 4, and 10, Glycimeris vio-lascens, Lam.; No. 19, Patella 

 ferruginea, Gmelin ; No. 48, Conus sp. ; Nos. 1 and 9, Cardium 

 rtisticum, Linn. (= tuberculatum, Linn.); Nos. 8, 17, 18, and 21, 

 Patella Safiana, Lam. ; Nos. 6 and 7, Pecten maximus, Linn. ; Nos. 5 

 and 22, Murex trunculus, Linn. ; No. 23, Melanopsis cf. Dufouri, Fer. 



The Cotms, No. 48, is about the size of C. literatus, and has been 

 burnt with an incinerated burial. Messrs. E. A. Smith and R. BuUen 

 Newton refer its provenance to the Indian Ocean in all probability. 



No. 7, Pecten maximus, has been bored to make a box, with bronze 

 or copper wire hinges. (See Fig., p. 312.) 



* At Santa Lucia between Maii-ena and Viso : of Carthaginian date. Inside each 

 was the figure of a lion, and outside a ram and a lotus bud. Bonsor, " Les 

 Colonies Agricoles pre-Romaines " : Revue Archeologique, tome xsxv (1899), 

 p. 50 ; Pans (Leroux, etUteur). 



