THE AMERICAN THOROUGHBRED. 3? 
much later period than the southern states, no organized racing-club exist- 
ing there until after the commencement of the present century ; although 
there were small racecourses at Newmarket and Jamaica before the Revo- 
lution. But the energy of the true Yankee sent the New Yorkites ahead, 
and they soon became worthy rivals of the southern statesmen. From 1815 
to 1845, the great stables of the North and South were carried on under 
a most honourable rivalry ; but at the second of these dates, it so hap- 
pened that a vast number of the most energetic supporters of the turf in 
the northern states withdrew from the arena, and, as they disappeared, 
none filled the gaps, except a few professed trainers and jockeys, who carried 
racing on entirely as a business, and regardless of that honourable spirit 
which had previously distinguished it. Trotting also came into fashion, 
and the fanatics preached a crusade against both, which took double effect 
upon the sport, already tottering to its fall. It may indeed be said, 
that from 1845 to 1855, racing in America was confined entirely to the 
south ; but about 1855 or 1856 a new jockey-club was established in New 
York, and its members laid out a new racecourse on Long Island; but still 
the second effort was not equal to the first, and New Orleans has taken 
the wind altogether out of the Long Island sails, by the spirited attempt 
which has been made by Mr. Ten Broeck to match his stud against the 
first English horses on their own ground. That he has failed in carrying 
off the Derby with Umpire is no proof of the general inferiority of 
American horses to those of England, any more than his other great 
successes are enough to ensure a conviction of the opposite condition in 
any unprejudiced mind. Umpire might have been an exceptional horse, 
and granting to him the high form which he was last year (1859) assured 
to possess, it would prove nothing guoad the general form of the horses 
of his country. Still it cannot be denied that they are much nearer to 
our own than was believed to be the case before Mr. Ten Broeck came 
among us; but how near they are is yet a vexed question, which will 
take some time to settle. 
In ORDER TO SHOW how largely the Americans are indebted to English 
blood, I insert here the following list of horses imported by them from 
this country, for which I am indebted to Mr. Herbert :-— 
Abjer, 1817, by Old Truffle—Briseis by Beninborough, 
Actzon, 1837, by Comus or Blacklock—Panthea, 
Admiral, 1799, by Florizel—Spactator mare. 
Admiral Nelson, 1795, by John Bull—Olivia. 
Ainderby, 1832, by Velociped—Kate. 
Alderman, 1778, by Pot80s—Lady Bolingbroke. 
Alexander, by Alexander, son of Eclipse; dam’s pedigree unknown. 
Alexander, 1791, by Champion—Countess. 
All Fours, 1772, by All Fours—Blank mare. 
Ambassador, by Emilius—Trapes by Tramp. 
Americus, 1755, by Babraham—Creeping Molly. 
Amurath, 1832, by Langar—Armida. 
Apparition, 1827, by Spectre—Young Cranberry 
Archduke, 1796, by Sir Peter Teazle—Horatia. 
Archer, 1760, by Faggergill—Eclipse mare. 
Archibald, 1801, by Walnut—Bay Javelin. 
Arrakooker, 1789, by Drone— Camilla. 
Autocrat, 1822, by Grand Duke—Olivetta. 
Bachelor, 1753, by Blaze—Smiling Tom mare, 
Barefoot, 1820, by Tramp—Rosamond. 
Baronet, 1782, by Vertumnus—Penultima. 
Bay Richmond, 1769, by Feather—Matron. 
Bedford, 1752, by Dungannon—Fairy. 
Belshazzar, 1830, by Blacklock—Manuelle. 
