ORIGIN OF THE THOROUGHBRED HORSE. 59 
In THE YEAR 1750, there came off at Newmarket the celebrated match 
made by the Duke of Queensbury (then Earl of March), to get four horses 
to draw a carriage with four wheels, and a person on it, nineteen miles 
within the hour. The feat was performed in fifty-three minutes twenty- 
seven seconds; and the four horses engaged, which were each ridden, 
were Mr. Greville’s Tawney, Mr. Hammond’s Roderick Random, the 
Duke of Hamilton’s Chance, and Mr. Thompson’s Little Dan. Tho 
horses ran away for the first four miles, which were accomplished in nine 
minutes. 
BETWEEN THE YEARS 1748 anv 1764, the repeated use of Arab, 
Turkish, and Barb blood had produced the happiest effect upon our race- 
horses, and during this period three celebrated horses were foaled, which 
respectively carry on the blood of the Byerley Turk, the Darley Arabian, 
and the Godolphin Barb through the male lines. ‘These three are Herod, 
or as he was then called King Herod, foaled in 1758; Eclipse, foaled in 
1764; and Matchem, in 1748. Mr. Goodwin, Veterinary Surgeon, of 
Hampton Court, has published a table in which he traces all our good 
thoroughbred horses of the present day to one or other of the three Eastern 
roots above mentioned ; but he seems to have forgotten that in each case, even 
prior to the time of Herod, Matchem, and Eclipse, there had been a mixture 
with one of the other two, and since then in almost every case with the 
third. It is, therefore, scarcely fair to attribute the excellence of Melbourne, 
for instance, to the Godolphin Arabian, from whom he is descended in the 
male line through Matchem, for the latter horse was also closely allied to 
the Byerley Turk through his dam, and had moreover a second more remote 
strain of the same blood. ‘The same may be said of Melbourne’s great 
rival, Touchstone, who. is set down by Mr. Goodwin as a proof of the 
value of the Darley Arabian, to whom he can readily be traced through a 
series of sires numbering Eclipse among them. Now a glance at the pedigree 
of this latter horse will show that though he was a great-great-grandson 
of the Darley Arabian through Bartlett’s Childers, he was a great-grandson 
of the Godolphin Barb on the side of his dam, and therefore one remove 
nearer to the latter. Again, Bay Middleton, the cotemporary of Touchstone 
and Melbourne and a representative of the Byerley Turk, according to 
Mr. Goodwin’s table, is descended through Herod from the Darley Arabian 
on the dam’s sile, as well as from the Byerley Turk on that of his sire. 
To make this clear, however, I will give the pedigree tables of the three 
horses above mentioned, which will also serve to illustrate another point 
which must be subsequently discussed. 
