KNEE JOINT. 369 
sand below are in close apposition, and are lined by one common synovial 
capsule, which, as already mentioned, communicates with that between 
the two rows of carpal bones. Ave 
Besides the common ligaments, there are seven proper to this jomt— 
three anterior, two posterior, and two interosseous. 
Fic. 12.—Back View oF Lert Fia. 13.—Back_ VIEW OF 
KNEE JOINT, SEEN OBLIQUE- RicHt KNEE JOINT, SHOW- 
LY FROM THE RIGHT, AND ING THE SUPERFICIAL LiGa- 
SHOWING THE DEEP-SEATED MENTS. 
LIGAMENTS. Inferior third of radius. 
A. Inferior third of radius. 
A. 
B. Superior third of large 
metacarpal bone. 
Cc 
D 
B. Pisiform bone. - 
(of Ee small metacarjal : ee neh pnetaeee 
one. ' 
D. Internal small metacarpal ‘ Hevernal Sangria 
bone. 2 l i 
P 2. Internal lateral ligament. 
1. Beiernal ieterel Hesment %. External lateral ioairlents 
2; 3. ca acarp ga- 3. Ligament between the ra- 
4, Radio-lunarligament. ae Fane nal 
5. Ligament between the pisi- 4. 5. Ligament between the 
see mnoiform, and uncitorm, pisiform, and 
ex Sen sm. meta- between the external 
carpal bone. small metacarpal bones. 
6. Strong band of ligament- 
ous fibres, binding down 
the flexor tendons in 
their sheath or groove. 
7. 7. Groove for the passage 
of the perforans and 
perforatus tendons. 
Of the three anterior ligaments, the external one, covered by the external 
lateral ligament, unites the unciform bone to the outer small metacarpal 
bone. The middle one unites the os magnum to the large metacarpal bone. 
The internal one unites the trapezoid to the inner small metacarpal bone. 
The two posterior ligaments, described by Rigot, are very difficult of 
demonstration, being only with the greatest care separated from the common 
posterior ligament. One of them, however, is capable of being made out 
by dissection, as a strong band of fibres passing from the back of the 
scaphoid bone to the inner small metacarpal bone (see 2, 2, Fig. 2). 
The two interosseous ligaments ascend from the roughened depressions 
BB 
