404 THE HORSE. 
Insertion—to the antero-internal and mesian part of the tibia and fascia 
of the leg. Action—to rotate the leg. 
* 
ANTERIOR ILIO-FEMORAL REGION. 
TRIFEMORO ROTULZUS consists of a mass of muscle lying beneath the 
tensor vagine, and forming the anterior prominence of the haunch. It 
consists of three divisions—the rectus, vastus externus, and internus. 
Rectus femoris is anterior and superior to the other portions. Origin 
—from the ilium, just above the acetabulum. Jnsertion—to the anterior 
part of the capsular ligament and supero-lateral part of the patella. 
Action—to extend the thigh and draw it under the body. The two 
vasti consist of a mass of muscle occupying the front and sides of the 
femur, and lying beneath the rectus. Origin—from the whole of the 
upper part of the femur to the roots of the trochanters. JInsertion—to 
the upper edge and sides of the patella. Actvon—to assist the rectus in 
extending the thigh and lifting the stifle under the body in progression. 
ReEctus parvus is an humble imitation of the human crureus, lying 
deep beneath the rectus femoris on the upper part of the femur. It isa 
small cylindrical muscle, having its origin from the ilium external to that 
of the rectus femoris, and its belly lying between the two vasti close 
upon the bone; it is zmserted on the anterior face of the femur. Its 
action is chiefly to defend the capsular ligament of the ilio-femoral 
articulation. 
INTERNAL ILIO-FEMORAL REGION. 
Sartorius lies on the antero-internal part of the haunch. Origin— 
from the inferior part of the transverse process of the first sacral bone 
and venter ili. Jnsertion—to the inner and inferior part of the lateral 
ligament of the patella, and through the medium of the gracilis to the 
supero-internal part of the tibia. Action—to bend the leg and to draw-it 
inwards. 
GRACILIS is situated on the internal part of the haunch. Oviyin—from 
the anterior and posterior ends of the symphysis pubis. Jnsertion—to 
the spinous ridge on the supero-internal part of the tibia. Acéion—to 
raise the leg and draw it inwards. 
Prctinevs lies close to the sartorius. Origin—from the anterior sur- 
face of the os pubis, near the symphysis and acetabulum. Jnserteon— 
to the ridge of the femur, leading downwards from the trochanter internus 
Action—to flex and adduct the femur. 
AppUCTOR LONGUS lies at the back of the mass of internal muscles of 
the haunch. Origin from the inferior surface of the ischium, and from 
the adjacent fascia. Znsertion—by two portions, which are distinguished 
as separate muscles by some anatomists. One (A. magnus) into the pos- 
terior face of the femur external to the adductor brevis; the other (A. 
longus), to the inner and upper part of the internal condyle. Action—to 
adduct and rotate the femur inwards. 
AppDUCTOR BREVIS lies covered by the adductor magnus. Origin from 
the inferior surface of the os pubis. Jnsertion—to the square rough sur- 
face on the posterior face of the femur. Action—to adduct the femur. 
THE DEEP MUSCLES OF THE ILIO-FEMORAL REGION. 
Four sMALL muscuEs attach the fossa of the trochanter major to the 
pelvis, and rotate the femur outwards. 
