464 THE HORSE, 
name of pithing), but it should be used in a slanting manner, again select- 
ing the right side in preference to the left. A seton is here the safest 
plan for promoting granulation and adhesion, and as the fistulous track is 
seldom very long, the tape will work its way gradually out, by which time 
the cure is effected. 
CARIES OF THE JAW. 
THE UPPER JAW, FROM ITS EXPOSED SITUATION, and the lower from the 
same cause, and also: from the abuse of the bit, are liable to mechanical 
injury, which ends in caries (ulceration), or sometimes in necrosis (morti- 
fication), of the part. Caries of the lower jaw, between the tushes and 
grinders, is extremely common, owing to the barbarous punishment whicl) 
is inflicted by the use of long levers to curb bits, together with tight curb 
chains. The bony plate forming dhe roof of the mouth is also often 
injured by the pressure of the port when a tight noseband is employed to 
keep the mouth shut. Either may be known by the existence of a sore 
of a peculiar character ; there is a depression indicating a loss of substance, 
and in this lies a mass of unhealthy granulation (proud flesh), which ts not 
attached to the surrounding surface, being only fixed to the bottom of the 
cavity, or perhaps partially on one side. A watery and offensive discharge 
goes on constantly, but this is lost in the saliva, and very often the only 
circumstance that draws attention to the disease is the constant bleeding 
from the mouth, on the slightest contact of the bit. When this occurs, the 
mouth being full of pink froth, it should be carefully examined, and the 
state of things here described will generally be found to exist. The ¢reat- 
ment should consist in the adoption of a bit pressing upon another part of 
the mouth, changing the curb for a snaffle. The wound should be kept 
open by the use of caustic (lunar) daily, which should be pushed deeply 
into it for a couple of seconds, and will destroy the unhealthy granula- 
tions. By continuing these measures, taking care not to do more with 
the caustic than necessary to keep down the fungous growth, a cure can 
always be effected in course of time, without the aid of the trephine or 
chisel to cut awav the diseased bone. 
loc, 7.—Usreo SARCOMA OF THE LOWER Jew, 
OSTEO SARCOMA. 
Tne gaws are occasionally attacked by a malignant growth from their 
celluiar structure of a substance partaking of the nature both of cartilage 
end bone. It increases sometimes to an enormous size, and forms a large 
