470 | THE HORSE. 
extend beyond a certain size, and have no tendency to burst; nor are they 
inciined to a healthy termination of their own accord, but go on in the 
same condition from year to year. 
‘WINDGALLS, OR PUFFS, are the most usual forms of these enlargements, 
and may be observed in the legs (hind as well as fore) of nearly every 
hard-worked horse, after a time. Great care in the management of the 
legs by bandaging will sometimes keep them off, and some horses have 
naturally no tendency to form them; but in most cases, on examining the 
legs, just above the fetlock joints, of horses at work, a little oval bag may 
be felt on each side, between the back-sinew and the bone. If recent, it 
is soft and puffy ; but if the work is hard, and the windgall is of long 
standing, it will be as tense as a drum. The synovial bag has no com- 
munication with the fetlock joint; but there is another sac in front of the 
joint, and beneath the tendons of the extensors, which is often enlarged, 
though not so much so as the seat of the true windgall, and which is 
generally, though not always, continuous with the synovial capsule of the 
joint.—The treatment consists in pressure by means of bandages, and the 
application of cold lotions, if the legs are hot and inflamed. Blistering and 
rest will remove them entirely ; but no sooner is the horse put to work 
again, than they return as badly as ever. There is no radical cure but 
subeutancous puncture and scarification, and this will produce too much 
adhesion to be advantageously applied. 
THE FORM OF THOROUGHPIN in which the bursa mucosa between the 
tendo Achillis and the tendo perforatus is inflamed and filled with synovia, 
has been alluded to at page 468, and its treatment is there described. 
CapPED HOCK is always the result of a bruise of the superficial bursa, 
which is situated on the point of the hock, immediately beneath the skin. 
It indicates either that the possessor has ‘kicked in the stable or in har- 
ness; but it is more frequently caused in the former way than in the 
latter. The swelling is sometimes slight, being then just sufficient to 
show the point slightly enlarged, and to give a soft, puffy sensation to the 
fingers, where there ought to be nothing but bone felt beneath the skin. 
The bursa always rolls freely on the bone, and when large, it can be 
laid hold of and shaken like a bladder of water.—The treatment should be 
directed to abate any slight inflammation that may exist, if the case is 
established ; but in recent ones, it is doubly necessary to apply cold 
lotions, which, however, there is some difficulty in doing, owing to the 
prominent nature of the part. A piece of stout calico or fine canvas may, 
however, be shaped into a cap, carefully fitting the point of the hock; and 
this being tied by several pieces of tape in fr ont of the leg, will allow not 
only of the application of cold lotions, but of pressure also. By this plan, 
continued for some weeks, considerable enlargements have been removed, 
but they are very apt to return on the slightest bruise. Setons through 
the bursa, and injections into its cavity of stimulating applications, hav 
often been tried; but they generally do more harm than good, and nothing 
can be relied on but the conjoint use of pressure and cold applications. 
The best lotion is the following :— 
Take of TinctureofArnica . . . .. . =. . 38 OZ. 
Wikiisrneyos Jue 5 5 6 6 5 6 a A oy 
Methylated pee of Wine emo o 2s 
Water .. 5 0 6 5) pints. Mix. 
CAPPED ELBOW is precisely sail in i maken te capped hock, and 
must be treated in the same way. It is also known by the name of 
capulet. 
