BRONCHITIS. 481 
disease. The ordinary appearances exhibited in recent epidemics have 
been as follows :—The first thing observed is a general slight shiver- 
ing, accompanied by a staring coat. The pulse is weak, and slightly 
accelerated, but not to any great extent; the mouth feels hot; the eyes 
and the nostrils are red; the belly is tucked up; there is no appetite ; 
cough, to a varying extent, begins to show itself; and there is generally 
a heaving of the flanks. The legs and feet are not cold as in pneu- 
monia, but beyond this they afford no positive signs. The cellular 
membrane around the eyes, and of the legs, generally swells about the 
second day, and often the head and limbs become quite shapeless from 
this cause. In the early stage the bowels are often relaxed, but after- 
wards they are as frequently confined. Sore throat is a very common 
complication, but it is not by any means an invariable attendant on 
influenza. It is, however, somewhat difficult to ascertain its existence, as 
in any case there is no appetite for food. Zhe treatment should be 
conducted on the principle of husbanding the strength, and, unless 
urgent symptoms of inflammation show themselves, the less that is 
done the better. If the trachea or larynx is involved only slightly, 
counter irritation, by means of a liquid blister, must be tried, without 
resorting to strong internal medicines; but if serious mischief ensues, 
the case must, to a certain extent, be treated as it would be when 
coming on without the complication of influenza, always taking care to 
avoid bleeding, and merely acting on the bowels by gentle aperients, and 
on the skin and kidneys by the mildest diaphoretic and diuretic. The 
following is the ordinary plan of treatment adopted :— 
Makelof Spiritiot Nitricstither . . . 3 . . « « ounce: 
bambino 5 5 6 oo oO O ono 6 0 go CCeleeboncs 
Nh EMOONMEES G6 6 6 6 0 0 6 6 5 ol Gbr jon 
Water . . 2), Lepint: 
Mix, and give as a drench night and morning. 
By constantly offering to the horse thin gruel (taking care that it does 
not become sour), and no plain water, sufficient nourishment may be 
given, as his thirst will induce him to drink. 
During the stage of convalescence the greatest care must be taken. At 
first, as soon as the cough has somewhat subsided, a mild stomachic ball 
will be desirable, such as 
Take of Extract of Gentian. . . . . - «. « + 6 drachms. 
Powdered Ginger . . .. =. =.» . ». « 2drachms, Mix. 
Afterwards, if the case goes on favourably, and the appetite returns, the 
restoration may be left to nature, giving the horse by degrees his usual 
allowance of corn, and adding to his morning and evening feed one 
drachm of sulphate of iron in fine powder. It must not be attempted to 
give this until the appetite is pretty keen, or the horse will be disgusted, 
and will probably refuse his corn altogether. 
Should typhoid symptoms be clearly established, the case must be 
treated according to the directions hereafter laid down for typhus fever, 
BRONCHITIS. 
Broncuitis is an inflammation of the mucous membrane lining the 
bronchi, and almost invariably extending to these parts through the 
trachea, from the larynx and nasal passages, which are primarily affected 
asin ordinary cold. The membrane in the early stage becomes filled with 
Il 
