l895- ^C>- ?• SOUTH-.\FRICAX EXTOMOSTRACA. 1 5 



than the females, owing to numerous red oil-globules acoumulated within 

 the bod}-, especially along tlic alimentan,- tube. 



Observations. The present form developed in great abundance in 

 some of my aquaria, and was successfully domesticated during several 

 succeeding seasons, increasing in number with each season. 



It is not ven»' active, often keeping its body suspended in the water 

 for rather a long time nearly in the ver\- same place, by repeated strokes 

 of the antennae, whereby a slow jiunping motion is effected. Generally 

 the individuals are found aggregated in large shoals, now at a short 

 distance from the bottom, now near the surface of the water. 



^lale specimens are rather rare, and their existence is restricted to 

 a short period of the season. 



Distribution. As above stated, the species was at first noticed from 

 Tonkin by M. J. Richard, numerous specimens having been collected by 

 Dr. Rigaud in a marsh off the fort Lao-Kay. Subsequently it has been 

 recorded by Mr. Richard from Palestine, where it was found b\' M. Bar- 

 rois in the Lake Tiberias. Finalh*, the author has raised the same form in 

 considerable numbers from dried mud forwarded to him from Sumatra. 

 This spedes accordingh" has a very wide range of distribution. 



Gen.; Simocephalits, Schoedeler. 



5. Simocephalns anstraliensis, Dana. 



Daphnia anstraliensis^ Dana, Unit. St. Expl. Exp. Crust. II, p. 1271, 



PI. 89, fig. 4, a— e. 

 Simocephalns anstraliensis^ G. O. Sars. Additional Notes on Australian 



Cladocera raised from dried mud, p, 15. Pi. 2, figs, i — 5. 



Of this form, described and figured by the author in anotlier paper, 

 some specimens developed in one of my aquaria, and rapidly multiplied 

 during the summer. The specimens agreed exactly with those raised by 

 the author from Australian mud, some years ago. 



6. Simocephalus capensis, G. O. Sars, n. sp. 



(PI- 3) 

 Specific Characters. Carapace in adult female, seen laterally, rather 

 broad, of a somewhat rhomboid form, and terminating in an obtuse median 

 prominence, dorsal margin above the latter slightly sinuated and dentiai- 

 lated, posterior edge below it oblique, smooth. Head comparatively small, 

 seen laterally, subtriangular in form, front produced to an angular, pro- 



