1 893 ^-^ 9 HVDR.-BIOL. STUDIES OF THE XORW. FISHERIES. 35 



the fact that in the North, as in the South, the temperature con- 

 ditions in the sea during the Winter can var>- greatly, and that the 

 hmits of the changes proved to be about the same as in the 

 South, namely, from about 5 " to o ". It, likewise, appeared that 

 great changes may occur in the course of a short time which can 

 only be explained by currents, not, for instance, by gradual cooling 

 from the air. 



In the hope of being able to shew to what extent these changes in 

 the North are also due to fresh currents, and thus, possibly, continuations 

 of the Baltic Current, I requested Captain Knap to have samples of the 

 water collected during the fishing season. In this way I obtained samples 

 from stations 353 and 362. I also succeeded during the course of the 

 Winter in making a series of observations near \'ikten (see Charts of 

 Depths \'), and in persuading the Namdalen Fishery- Association to 

 obtain further materials. 



The analysis of these gave the following results: 



1. The saline contents also in the North increase downwards during 

 the Winter, but the difference between the salineness of the surface 

 and the deep was, during the past Winter, very sUght ^i to 2 per 

 1000). 



2. The Atlantic Water, is, as in the South, during the Winter first 

 met with at a greater depth over 250 mètres}, and the North Sea 

 Water and Bank \\"ater are thus of great thickness ;_at least 250 

 mètres;. 



3. Water of so little salineness as that of the Baltic Current, under 32 

 per 1000, was not met with in the North during the Winter of 



1895. 

 As examples I add here, 



Station 355, Hola in the Lofotens, i8th Februar}-. 



Depth of o Fathoms = 1.5 = 33.30 per thousand. 



— 30 — = 4" = 33-30 — 



— 50 — = Si" = 3390 — 



— 80 — = 60 = 34.20 — 



Station 329, off Prestoen, Nærosund, 21st January-. 



Depth of 20 mètres = 4.4 " = 33.14 per thousand. 



— 3^ — 4? — j":*-.-^? — 



— 50 - = 5.2 ° = 33.48 - 



— 75 — = 5-3 « = 33-4? — 



— 100 — = 5.9° = 33.66 — 



3» 



