Parasites of Scale-Insect Fungi. T. Petch. 207 
study of the genus Myriangium has made that suggestion appear 
improbable, but in the meantime it has been found that H. and 
P. Sydow had provided a place in systematic mycology for the 
fungus by instituting the genus S:vosphaera (Philippine Journal 
of Science, VIII C, p. 502, 1913, text-fig. 6). 
SIROSPHAERA. 
The genus Sivosphaera (Sphaeropsideae) has globose-conoid, 
black, subcarbonaceous perithecia, minutely ostiolate, paren- 
chymatous, crowded on a superficial stroma which is composed 
of rather loose, dark brown hyphae. The basidia are simple, 
filiform, and hyaline, and bear very minute, continuous, pale 
brown spores in chains. 
The type species, Sivosphaera botryosa Syd., was found on 
living leaves of Stveblus asper in the Philippines. It forms, fide 
Sydow, a small superficial stroma, composed of dark brown, 
rather loosely interwoven hyphae, on which the pycnidia are 
situated, either superficially or with their bases slightly im- 
mersed in the stroma, the wall of the pycnidium being easily 
distinguished from the tissue of the stroma. The wall is paren- 
chymatous and consists of two strata, an outer, several layers 
thick, brown in colour, with cells 8-10 diameter, and an inner 
one, which is hyaline and composed of minute cells. The whole 
of the pycnidial cavity is lined with basidia 8-11 » long, 0-8-1 u 
diameter, and the spores are pale brown, 2-2°5 x I'5m. 
Sivosphaera botryosa has been collected in Ceylon on Meme- 
cylon. In the latter case, however, it was not parasitic on the 
Memecylon, but on the fungus, Pseudomicrocera Henningsit, 
which in turn was parasitic on a scale insect, Aonidia sp. The 
pycnidia in this collection were oval or globose, up to 0-2 mm. 
diameter, black, rugose, sometimes slightly tomentose. The 
stroma in section was greenish-black. The spores were brown, 
oval, 2°5-3°5 x 2-2:5p. The basidia observed were not more 
than 3 u high, and here and there the chains of spores arose from 
the pycnidium wall. In spite of the latter differences, this 
gathering would appear to be identical with Sydow’s species. 
Another gathering of this species has been noted in herbarium 
collections, viz. the Javan specimen issued by von Hohnel as 
Mynangium Duriaet Mont., on Erythrina, Buitenzorg, 1907-8. 
This in Herb. Kew contains effete Myriangium stromata bearing 
the pycnidia of the parasite. The latter are o-I-0-2 mm. dia- 
meter, with brown spores, either oval, 3 x 2u, or globose, 
2 diameter. 
In these last two collections, the hyphae of the Sivosphaera 
penetrate into the host fungus, and the apparent stroma is the 
original stroma of the host permeated by the hyphae of the 
parasite. 
