CONCERNING NATURAL REGENERATION IN GENERAL. 23 
final cutting. The number of acres naturally regenerated is 
about 130. This is practically divided into two different com- 
partments, the first (104 acres) having trees of about 45 years 
of age, and the second (26 acres) having trees of about 35 years 
of age, with old standards. 
The photographs at the end of this article show the trees in 
these two compartments. No. 1 shows trees of 45 years of age, 
and Nos. 2 and 3 the younger crop, 35 years of age, taken 
at different points, while Nos. 4 and 5 show the position the 
old standards occupy amongst the young crop (No. 4 showing 
principally the head of an old standard, and No. 5 the 
bole). 
In the older compartment felling occurred about fifty years 
ago, and standards with straight boles and narrow-shaped 
crowns were left to the number of about 30 to the acre. Owing 
to the surface of the ground being greatly broken up by men, 
horses, and carts during the removal of the timber, and to the 
soil being friable and only slightly covered with moss, young 
plants came up very soon after the fall. These conditions 
favouring natural regeneration in this case, the young crop 
came up so thick that it had to be thinned early; and it 
was undoubtedly a little over-thinned up to about 30 years of 
age, as at the present time the crop, now about 45 years old, 
only consists of from 390 to 430 trees per acre. ‘This leaves 
very few to come out in case of accidents, such as wind-blows 
or deaths by natural causes, and unless now treated carefully 
the final crop will be small. The trees throughout have grown 
well, and are well developed and clear of branches to about 
20 feet; but as the subsoil is of a hard nature, the growth of 
the trees is now very slow, and they are throwing out large 
side-branches. 
The second and younger compartment forms something like 
a two-storied crop, being composed of old standards and poles 
of about 35 years of age. This part was also cut over 
preparatory to natural regeneration, selected standards to 
the number of about 30 trees to the acre being left as seed- 
trees, which yielded a heavy crop of seed almost at once. 
Photograph No. 4 shows that the old standards were growing 
openly, as the side-branches can be seen mixing with the crowns 
of the trees forming the young crop. The boles are short, but 
large in cubic contents, which shows that the trees have had 
