NOTES ON CONTINENTAL FORESTRY IN 1906. 69 
normal course of regeneration is fixed from north to south. In 
each forest excluded woods have been omitted from definite treat- 
ment along the dune and the coast-zone, in order to form a 
wind-screen protecting the main block of woods to windward 
from the action of storms and of sand thrown up by the 
sea, 
The prescriptions of the working-plan are very simple. 
Throughout each quinquennial period, each compartment, except 
that to be regenerated and those forming young woods, is given a 
thinning accompanied with tapping of resin, while the trees to be 
removed are tapped to death for 4 years before their fall, and 
simultaneously the stems girthing over 4 feet are lightly tapped 
for 5 years. The oldest compartment, or that coming in its 
regular turn, is regenerated by clear-felling preceded by 
exhaustive tapping of all the trees, these being cut in the fifth 
and last year of the period. The compartments forming 
young woods are run through by ordinary thinnings, without 
being tapped. 
Every fifth year, at the commencement of each period, each 
working-circle is gone through, and distinctive State hammer- 
marks are put on all stems which are to be either sold standing 
for clear-felling, or thinned out, tapped to death, and sold stand- 
ing, or else merely lightly tapped. This involves a large amount 
of careful selection. In 1905, in the Mont-de-Marsan Inspection, 
the hammer-marking extended to 5 working-circles, having an 
area of Over 15,000 acres; it lasted over 44 months, and 
612,455 stems were marked (456,795 for tapping to death, and 
155,060 for light tapping). 
The first clear-fellings for regeneration began at Mont-de- 
Marsan in 1gor, in the forest of St Eulalie. Until then only 
thinnings and tapping had taken place; and the mature falls 
began just when a considerable rise was occurring in the price of 
timber and resin. But already instructive details are available 
as to the yield in material and money. In the clear-falls the final 
outturn consists of about the following percentages: timber 60, 
pit-wood 20, fire-wood zo. In the thinnings the relative pro- 
portions vary, of course, according to the age, but in woods of 
35 to 50 years old it works out to timber 35, pit-wood 45, 
fire-wood 20. The amount of resin obtained varies, but is 
approximately about ;/; of the tonnage of the wood. In the 
woods that are being thinned, 50 of the vigorous stems tapped 
