146 HARDY CONIFEROUS TREES. 



garden divisions, but they should not generally be planted in 

 positions to which farm stock have access. The following 

 are to be recommended : — 



Cupressus Lawsoniana Taxus baccata 



„ „ stricta Thuya gigantea 



„ nootkatensis „ orientalis 



Juniperus virginiana „ occidentalis 



Picea excelsa 



In many parts of Scotland the common spruce {Picea 

 excelsa) has been, and is, extensively employed in the forma- 

 tion of farm hedges or wind-screens, and for which purpose 

 its free growth, perfect hardihood, and shelter-giving proper- 

 ties render it eminently adapted. Bearing pruning well, it can 

 be cut into almost any desired shape, while topping is pro- 

 ductive of greatly increased bottom growth and consequent 

 shelter-affording qualities. The American Arborvitae {Thuya 

 occidoitalis) succeeds satisfactorily as a hedge and screen shrub 

 on several of the islands along the mainland of Scotland, and 

 where it is highly valued as a hardy, storm-resisting, and free- 

 growing tree. 



