142 ILLINOIS STATE ACADEMY OF SCIENCE 



southern migration is represented by the llamas and 

 guanaeos of South America. 



The rhinoceros came into existence in America and 

 developed into many interesting types here, such as the 

 short legged Teleooeras, the large Metamynodon, the 

 horselike, running Hyracodon and the commoner Caeno- 

 pus. Migrants from this primitive stock gave Europe 

 and the adjoining continents the present day rhinoceros, 

 found now only in southern Asia and Africa. All that 

 we have left are the large masses of bones to be found in 

 the fossil fields of the west. This exchange of animals 

 with the other side was by no means a one sided affair, 

 for we received in return some of our most picturesque 

 types, such as the bear, elephant, moose, elk, caribou, 

 deer, musk ox, mountain sheep and mountain goat. 



Woods (1910) in a paper published by the Natural 

 History Survey says that an elk was killed in the state 

 about 1830 and that the bisons were common about 1800. 

 A deer was seen near Homer about 1880. These are the 

 last of the large mammals to remain wild in the state. 



If we drop back to Pleistocene times, we shall find a 

 very different fauna living in this state and region. The 

 animals of this period are the ones to be considered in 

 this sketch of the old fauna. The following paragraphs 

 will take up some of the mammals that have lived in or 

 near to this region. Probably all of them could be counted 

 as ancient residents. 



The Edentates were represented by three large forms, 

 all migrants from the old stock of South America. Meg- 

 alonyx was to be found from coast to coast, Mylodon was 

 very generally distributed, while the southern species 

 just reached the borders of the state. The only related 

 form now living in the United States is the armadillo 

 of Texas. 



No camel has been reported from this region, as they 

 were to be found in the west. 



The Bovidae were numerous and some forms continued 

 down to comparatively recent date. The bisons left the 

 state about 1800. In time prior to this two other bisons 

 were to be found here, Bison latifrons and Bison anti- 

 quus. These last two were from an older stock that was 



