PAPERS OX BIOLOGY AND AGRICULTURE 158 



or a loss from "continuous disuse". Thus, Dictator 

 "was driven a good deal" when young, and "was 

 worked considerably at Mr. Durkee's farm" up to the 

 year before Jay-Eye-See was conceived. After that he 

 was used for breeding purposes solely, and not worked. 

 Very much the same story is told for the other animals in 

 the pedigree, all of which show that in each pair at the 

 time of reproduction there was a considerable excess de- 

 velopment coming from "frequent and continuous" ex- 

 ercise for an unusual "length of time". 



We will not go into the details of these histories be- 

 cause of the lack of space, and because it would be weari- 

 some, but there is one matter which throws a flood of 

 light upon the case. Dictator was not only the sire of the 

 champion Jay-Eye-See, but he was full brother of Dexter, 

 one of the most famous of all champion trotters. The 

 reader will conclude naturally that Dictator was of choice 

 selected stock and that the improvement came through se- 

 lection, but there is a damper on that idea. Both Dexter 

 and Jay-Eye-See were geldings. The fact that Dexter 

 was sterilized shows that the breeders did not consider 

 the Hambletonian-Clara combination as valuable at the 

 time he was born, and the fact that Jay-Eye-See was 

 sterilized shows that they did not consider the Dictator- 

 Midnight combination valuable when Jay-Eye-See was 

 born. Of the sires in this pedigree, Hambletonian is the 

 only one used much for breeding purposes before the age 

 at which lie here appears, and he had harness work all 

 his life. Daylight first went to the breeding ranks at the 

 age of six, Midnight first went there at the age of eight, 

 Clara first went there at ten, the Kent Mare first went 

 there at the age of fifteen, and the McKinstry Mare was a 

 famous road mare for many years before Clara was born. 

 On this point there is no available record for the other 

 two mares. Carefully selected brood mares usually go 

 into the breeding ranks at about three years of age, and 

 those which do not go early have to work for a living. 



It has been said that my work on the trotters and other 

 animals is nothing but statistics, but that is not true. 

 Applying the Lamarckian factors of activity and age to 

 the progenitors, one at a time, in the pedigree of Jay-Eye- 



