PAPERS OX GEOGRAPHY AND GEOLOGY 391 



of "white oak ties were removed on account of decay and 

 11.8 r c for other causes. There were removed: 



From decay. Other causes. 



Elm :.. .2.5 6.8 



Cottonwood 2.7 15.5'. 



Red Oak 11.: 



Hickorv 6 21 



Poplar" 7.3'. 30.1'- 



U 'treated, the score for the same woods is very poor in 

 comparison with white oak. There were removed from 

 trial sections of track after exposure: untreated 



From decay. Other cans s. 



"White oak 61.5''; 10.. 



Hickorv 92.3^5 7.7 



Elm 93.- 6.2 



Poplar 95.1' ; 3.71 



Red oak 96.1'- 3.1 '"" 



Cottonwood 96.5': 5.5'; 



There follows a more complete report on these woods 

 as ties subjected to identical usage in observed portions 

 of track: — 



EAST 



Percent 



Number Percent Other 



Process of Ties Removed Decay Cam 



Creosote 2027 14" 2. > 4.1 



Card 10259 . 5.9 13.6 



Burnettizing 15S4 526 19. 14.2 



Untreated 204 1963 7.2 



WEST. 



Straight Creosote 1117 107 7 



Card 4929 1099 5.9 16.4 



Burnettizing S42 273 9.5 



Untreated 1075 1033 6.9 



ELM. 



Creosote 13 2.9 3.4 



Card 597 56 2.5 6.8 



Burnettizing 224 _- 7.2 5.3 



Untreated 112 112 93. S 6.2 



HICKORY. 



Creosote 10 



Card 1S5 50 6 21 



Burnettizing 16 



Untreated 65 65 92.3 7 7 



