PAPERS OX MEDICINE AND PUBLIC HEALTH - " 



To spread malaria, the female Anopheles must first 

 bite and suck the blood of a person infected with the 

 disease. Then after the par;- - i the dis - have 

 undergone certain changes while in the body of the mos- 

 quito and have passed through its stomach walls and 

 reached its salivary gland-, the mosquito can spread 

 malaria to the persons it thereafter bit— 



Malaria is caused by the animal parasites that are in- 

 jected into the blood stream by the biting mosquito. The 

 chills and fever accompanying the disease are the result 

 of the multiplication of these parasites and the simul- 

 taneous liberation of millions of daughter parasites from 

 their parents. 



Malaria control may be conducted along three general 

 lines, any one or combination of which will meet with a 

 fair measure of sue ss: (1) by the prompt and proper 

 medical treatment of infected persons so as to eliminate 

 sources of infection for the mosquitoes: (2) : tiling 



houses and the sick bed and otherwise preventing the 

 mosquito from becoming infected, or an infect 

 quito reaching well persons : and ( 3 | by eradicating the 

 mosquito primarily through the destruction or proper 

 treatment of mosquito-breeding places. The eradication 

 of mosquitoes is the most effective, and besides prevent- 

 ing malaria gives relief from annoyance. It is a problem 

 for the sanitary and drainage engineers. 



The right against the mosquito must be directed 

 against its water stages, particularly against the wigg- 

 lers. The mosquito must be killed while in the pi*" sa 

 of developing and before it takes the wing. All types 

 of mosquitoes invariably make use of all the natural pro- 

 tection afforded for breeding. Along streams the ¥ 

 lers may be found close to the shore, among the protect- 

 ing grass and weeds, in the vicinity of drifts, close to 

 I _-. among fallen leaves and other accumulations of a 

 like character. The same is true of ponds and pools, the 

 wigglers always being found in the shallow portions 

 among the marginal growths that furnish such excellent 

 protection. 



Drainage as an antimosquito measure is the mo>t ef- 

 fective. To remove the water is to eliminate the breed- 



