196 Essay on Caerphilly Castle. 



Morgani filii Cadwalan," among the papers at Penricc Castle, Glamorgan- 

 shire. " 0"ms ho'ies de Brechineoch et Sengenny." The sons of this 

 Morgan passed a fine at Cardiff in the year 1249. 



From the publications of the Record Commissioners, we learn that in 

 the 8th of Edward II. the following persons were governors of Kerfilly : 

 Ingelramus Berenger^ John de Everdon, and Bartholomew de Badelesmere ; 

 and in the 9th year of that king, Payne Turbervill filled the same office. 

 In the 20th of Ed. II. John de Felton was superseded as governor by Roger 

 de Chandos. Soon after, the king committed the custody of all liis "trea- 

 sures of gold and silver, armour, victuals, and all other goods and chattels," 

 in the castle of Kerfilly, to Thomas de Londres. In the 1st of Edward III. 

 William de la Zouch and Wm. de Anne are mentioned as governors, as is 

 Peter le Vele (of St. Pagan's Castle), in the 4th of Ed. III. (1330.) 



Rees Meyrick, whose MS. history of Glamorganshire, 1578, is extant in 

 the library of Queen's College, Oxford, notices the castle, which he says is 

 environed with a " mear of water of the south, and marisch ground of the 

 west and north part, and doubly moated." 



It should have been mentioned that the triforial gallery is called the 

 " Braose gallery," and the gate tower, the " Wassail tower." 



There is an old building near Caerphilly, called the "Van," the materials 

 of which are said by tradition to have been drawn from the castle. The 

 author regrets that he has been unable personally to examine into the truth 

 of this tradition j but he is assured by competent authority, that the ap- 

 pearance of the materials renders it highly probable. 



The etymology of Caerphilly seems to be, Caer, a castle ; PwU, a morass. 



Erkatum. — Page 65, line 14, /or " twelfth," read " thirteenth." 



Upon reviewing these pages, and considering that before the final con- 

 clusion of a subject, it is desirable to make it as complete as possible, it has 

 occurred to the author that a short sketch of the subjugation of Wales, and 

 the causes which led to the erection of the numerous castles with which 

 the principality is bristled, will not be an inappropriate addition to the 

 former parts of the essay. 



It would appear, then, that at the period at which Caerphilly was erected, 

 Edward, the first of the name since the accession of the Norman dynasties, 

 occupied the throne of England. This monarch succeeded to that throne 

 under advantages, which, if they were in some measure due to the condi- 

 tion of the kingdom, weary of the intestine broils of the preceding reigns, 

 and of the rapacity of the Roman pontiffs, were in at least an equal degree 

 to be attributed to the respect with which his own conduct while prince 

 had inspired the subjects of his father. Edward had already shewn a 

 personal courage and coolness, which, in times when the general entered 

 liimself into the conflict, peculiarly qualified him for a leader in war ; and 



