Observations on English Castles. 



221 



tliose structures that had escaped mutilation still further useless as militarv 

 works. They were converted usually into prisons or store-houses, to 

 which ignoble uses we owe the preservation of very many of them. 



Charles the first, in the year 1636, a little before the breaking out of 

 the great civil war, appointed, at the instance of the earl of Strafford, a 

 commission to examine into and report upon the state of the English cas- 

 tles. At this period, probably in consequence of this report, many of 

 these buildings were defended by earth-works, according to the modern 

 system ; and when taken or deserted were completely dismantled, and in 

 most cases blown up with gunpowder. 



Although the weapons employed in attack and defence do not appear to 

 have undergone much change during the feudal period, yet as the general 

 arrangement of the defences varied at different periods, it will be proper 

 to point out the most remarkable of those changes, a synoptical view of 

 which is offered in the accompanying table. 



r RAM AM (Quadrangular Burgh, Richborough, Portchester. 

 i Multangular Pevensey. 



S Detached. Briinless ? 

 Keep Central. Launceston, Skinfrith. 

 Marginal. Coningsborough. 



Central. Dover, London, Rochester, 

 Corfe. 



Marginal. Portchester (Norman al- 

 terations), Kenil worth, Castleton, 

 Ogmore, Goodrich, Chepstow. 



Keep on a level. Chilham, Orford. 

 Keep on a mound. Cardiff, Crick- 

 bowel, Warwick. 



' Quadrangular. Caerphilly, Harlech. 



Conway, Chepstow, 



Morlais, Dinas near 





NORMAN^ 



Quadrangular. 



.Multangular 



GOTHIC 



vONCENTRlC 



Longitudinal. 

 Caernarvon, 

 Talgarti). 



Multangular. 



Hawarden, Holt. 

 Irregular. Framlingham. 



r Early. Neath, Newport, Monmouth. 



Single ) Later. Coity, Walton, Thorubury, 



C St. Donat's. 



(■Domestic Castles. Hever. 

 Castellated Mansions. Nether Hall, 



Lullingston, Broughton. 

 liloc/i Houses. Walmcr, Deal, Cal- 



shot. Hurst, Sandown, Sandgate, 



Carlisle, Camber. 



MlXRD 



