30 On the Process of making Spirits in 



stills have been put up by rectifiers, and, we believe, have 

 given satisfaction ; but we are not aware that there is one 

 in Great Britain for the distillation of wash; and, we have 

 heard that a (ew which were erected in Ireland for that 

 purpose have been laid aside. A very full description of 

 this apparatus will be found in the " London Encyclopedia" 

 voce Distillation. 



Shortly after the date of St. Marc's patent, Mr. Robert 

 Stein took out two patents for distilling apparatus, the 

 second being for improvements on the first : one of the 

 principles of this apparatus is to keep the wash constantly 

 in motion, in the form of a shower, or spray, by means of 

 force pumps, by which it is injected into various chambers, 

 wherein it comes into contact with vapour in a very sub- 

 divided state, and is thereby stripped of its alcohol. This 

 requires the use of a great number of force pumps, which 

 give to the apparatus a very complicated appearance, and 

 require considerable mechanical power. There is great in- 

 genuity and mechanical skill displayed in the construction 

 of this apparatus, but it has not received much patronage ; 

 there is one of them in use at the patentee's own distillery, 

 at Kirkliston, and another at Cameron Bridge, both in 

 Scotland. 



The third, and last, distilling apparatus we shall have 

 occasion to mention, is that of Mr. iEneas Coffey, of Dublin, 

 for which he took out a patent in 1832. We have seen two 

 of those machines in Scotland, one at the Inverkeithing 

 distillery, and the other at Bonnington, near Leith ; and, 

 in our judgment, this invention bids fair to supersede all 

 other modes of distilling corn wash. We have obtained a 

 drawing of the Inverkeithing apparatus, which will enable 

 us to convey to our readers a tolerably clear idea of its con- 

 struction, and, indeed, a tolerably clear idea of the general 

 principles on which all the modern improvements in dis- 

 tilling apparatus are founded, for they are all embodied 

 and carried into effect in Mr. Coffey's apparatus. 



To render our description the more easily understood, we 

 shall premise the following facts, to be kept in the reader's 

 recollection : 



1. Water boils at about 212°, and alcohol, the purest 

 hitherto obtained, at about 171° or 172° of Fahrenheit. 



2. Mixtures of alcohol and water boil at temperatures 



