Great Britain and Ireland. 33 



Under the dropping pipe S, is a pan much deeper than 

 those of the other dropping pipes, and from this pan a 

 hranch pipe y passes out of the apparatus, and carries the 

 condensed, but still -very hot spirits, to a worm, or other 

 refrigerator, wherein they are cooled. 



The chambers h! k' k' k' of this finished spirit condenser, 

 are formed of plain unperforated diaphragms of copper, 

 with alternate openings at the ends, large enough both for 

 the passage of the vapour upwards, and of the condensed 

 spirit downwards ; the use of these diaphragms being 

 merely to cause the vapour to pass along the pipes m m in 

 a zig zag direction, and to be thus more perfectly exposed 

 to their condensing surface. 



In every chamber, both of the finished spirit condenser 

 and of the rectifier, there is a set of zig zag pipes, placed 

 as shewn in the plan, figure 2, each set of these pipes is 

 connected with the others by the bends III I, and they thus 

 form one continued pipe m m, leading from the wash-pump 

 Q to the bottom of the rectifier, whence it finally passes 

 out at N, and rising up, enters the top chamber of the ana- 

 lyzer, where it discharges itself at n. 



M is the wash charger, L a smaller wash vessel con- 

 nected with it and with the wash pump, this vessel is called 

 the wash reservoir, and is not strictly speaking, a necessary 

 part of the apparatus ; its use is to retain a sufficient reserve 

 of wash, to prevent the apparatus being idle during the 

 delay, which the Excise regulations render unavoidable, 

 between the emptying of the wash charger, and the re- 

 filling it from a new back. 



The pump Q is worked continuously during the distilla- 

 tion, so as to supply the apparatus with a regular stream 

 of wash. It is so constructed, as to be capable of furnish- 

 ing somewhat more than is necessary, and there is a pipe n 

 with a cock on it, by which part of what is pumped up 

 may be allowed to run back, and the supply sent into the 

 apparatus regulated. 



A is a steam boiler having nothing peculiar in its con- 

 struction, the steam from it is conveyed into the bottom of 

 the spent wash receiver by the pipe b, which, after entering 

 the receiver, branches into a number of smaller pipes per- 

 forated with holes, by which the steam is dispersed through 



VOL. III. I) 



