24 H ^-m töip e)mo 11 H |-- Wi-> X 



hit&i}''), cyclamose (in the tuber of Ci/damen enropcwAim-^), stacliyose (in tbe rhizomo 

 of Stachys tiiberifentF'), Lansium nltiais^^) and other Labiacese'^ and verbascfjso 

 (in mullein root"^). These sugars are all of di-, tri- (jr tetrasaccharide, except 

 sucrose which is widely distributed in the vegetable kingdom. It will be then of 

 great interest to study in detail these organs in nvauy plants in this connection. 

 The arrowliead tuber or Knwai was selected as tlie first material to be studied. 



A search of the literature on SagiHuria stujiaifoUa forma shvensls failed to 

 show the result of special investigations on the composition of its tubere, beyond 

 a brief article by Kelhier'-' on tlieir general composition. His analysis is as 

 follows : 



Original mnterinl Water-free Bubstance 



, u ^o 



Water GG.8G — 



Ash 1.43 4.31 



Protein 7.0.5 21.26 



Fat 0.55 1.65 



Crude fiber 1.18 3.56 



Nitrogen-free extracts 22.93 69.21 



Consequently, at tlie beginning of this hivestigation we liave imdertaken to 

 test the carbohydrates of the arrowhead tuliers and have obtained the following result. 



Water 78.16^ 



in water- tree substance 



Starch 55.32%' 



Dextrin 1-75% 



Keducing sugars 0.67% (as glucose). 



Non-reducing sugars 5.54% (as sucrose). 



1) Meyer,- Zs. Physiol. Chem., Bd. 6, P. 135 (1882); Ber. Ü. chem. Ges., Bl. 15, P. 530 (1882); 

 Boarquelot & Nnrdin,- Compt. rend., Tome 126, P. 280 (1898). 



2) Michaud.- Journ. de Pharm et de Chim., (5), IG, P. 84 (1887). 



3) Planta,- Landw. Yersuchsstat., Bd. 25, P. 473 (1877) ; Schulze & Planta,- Ber. D. chem. Ges., 

 Bd. 23, P. 1692 (18J0) ; Bd. 24, P. 2705 (1891) ; Landw. Yersuchsstat., Bd. 40, P. 277 (18J2) ; Bd. 41, 

 P. 123 (1893) ; Sfrohmer & Stift,- Oesterr-ungar. Zs. f. Zuckerind. u. Landw., Bd. 20, P. 895 (1891) ; 

 Hanauser,- Chem. Contralbl., Bd. I, P. 518 (1894) ; Tarnet,- Compt. lend., Tome 134, P. 1586 (1902) ; 

 Tome 136, P. 1569 (1903) ; BuU. de h» Soc. chim., (3), 27, P. 947 (1902) ; 29, P. 888 (1903). 



4) Piniüt,- Journ. de Pharm, et de Chim., (6), 29, P. 236 (1903) ; Chem. CentralbL, Bd. I. P. 1168 

 (1909). 



5) Piault,- Journ. de Pharm, et de Chim., (7), 1, P. 248 (1910) ; Chem. Ztg., Bd. 34, P. 186 (1910). 



6) Bourquelot & Bridel,- Compt. rend., Tome 151, PP. 760-762 (1910) ; Chem. Ate., Vol. 5, P. 

 1263 (1911). 



7) König.-Chemie der menschlichen Nahrungs ii. Genussmittel., Berlin, Bd. I, P. 705 (1903). 



