1888-89.] Annual Increase in Girth of Trees. 401 



4. Comparative Effect upon Girth-Increase of the three con- 

 secutive Bad Seasons in the different Species. 



(a) Species either not affected at all or only to a slight 

 degree. — Quercus conferta, Castanea vesca, Quercus Cerris, Pinus 

 austriaca, Cedrus afrieana. 



(h) Species severely affected in one or more of the bad 

 seasons, but not permanently injured, unless in exceptional 

 instances. — Fagus sylvatica (nine tested, of which three suf- 

 fered but little) ; u^sculus Hippocasta.num, Ornus europoius, 

 Crataegus oxyaxiantha, Carpinus Betida, Pinus Laricio (one of 

 each tested); Acer Pseudo-Platanus (two); Taxus haccata (five 

 tested, of which one was retarded in growth afterwards, possibly 

 as a result of the bad seasons) ; Cedrus Deodara (four tested, 

 of which one was apparently retarded in growth afterwards). 



(c) Species severely affected, at the time and afterwards. — 

 Liriodendron tulipifera (one tested). Xo visible damage to 

 this tree, but growth subsequent to the primary severe depres- 

 sion was considerably slower than previous to it. Fraxinus 

 excelsior (one) ; rate of increase greatly diminished subse- 

 quently, and the tree becoming a wreck, but it was past its 

 prime in 1878. Betida alba (two), one apparently dying from 

 the effects of the severe seasons, although possibly in a weak 

 condition w*hen attacked ; the other only slightly affected. 

 Tilia europcca (three), growth subsequently much retarded 

 in two, but no appearance of injury to^ them or to the third 

 one tested. Quercus Rohur (five), all suffered severely 

 at the time, and in two the subsequent growth has been re- 

 tarded. Quercus ruhra (one), not seriously affected in its 

 growth at the time nor afterwards, but visibly damaged. 

 Pinus excclsa, of the two tested one has grown very slowly 

 since. Pinus Douglasii (two), one probably weakened, as 

 subsequently it gradually became a wreck from branches 

 being blown down in gales. Abies Loioiana (two), one 

 killed, but probably weak when attacked ; the other, although 

 little affected in its gii'th-increase at the time, lost its top- 

 shoot and its former handsome aspect, and was probably 

 somewhat retarded in growth. Pinus sylvestris (thr^e), all 

 three apparently mortally injured, but not vigorous when 

 attacked. Quercus Ilex (two), apparently retarded in their 

 growth. Araucaria imhricata (three), girth-increase not 

 seriously affected at the time, but two of the three visibly 



