450 Mr Philip Sewell on the Flora of [sess. liii. 



Caltha palustris. 

 Viola palustris. 

 Cerastium trigynum. 

 Montia f on tana. 

 Rubus Chamaemorus. 

 Potentilla Comarum. 

 Epilobium. 

 Cornus suecica. 

 Vaccinium ulicfinosum. 



Oxycoccus palustris. 

 Andromeda polifolia. 

 Pyrola minor. 

 Bartsia alpina. 

 Pedicularis sps. 

 Salix sps. 

 Tofieldia palustris. 

 Habenaria viridis. 



In the richer rocky areas [III. (h)] : — Banunculus sps., 

 Draha sps., Cerastium, Stdlaria, Sayina, Vicia, Alchemilla, 

 Potentilla procumhens, Saxifraga stellaris, S. ccespitosa, S. 

 rivularis, Scdum Mhodiola, Epilohium, Linnma, Cornus, Saus- 

 surea, Solidago, Gnaphalium, Hieraciuni, Euphrasia, Pyrola, 

 Veronica alpina, Trientalis, Oxyria, Salix sps., Veratrum, 

 Cystopteris, Polypodium, &c. 



In the driest and most exposed positions persisted most 

 commonly Uumex Acctosella, Rubus ChaniCBmorus, Luzula 

 spicata and L. hyperlorea, Festuca ovhia vars. 



The climate of the two countries deserves attention, 

 althonj^h in this case it has probably less intluence upon 

 distribution than results from the diflerence in physical 

 character ; we may note that although the dissimilarity of 

 winter temperatures is considerable, yet owing to the heavy 

 covering of snow it is not the extremes of winter, but the 

 slighter variations during the short summers, which are 

 likely to be effective. Summer-isotlierms may be drawn 

 approximately parallel to lines of latitude, yet where, as at 

 the Yugor Straits, a large amount of drift ice may often 

 accvunulate, the temperature is undoubtedly lowered: thus 

 it is probable that the summer mean for the Yugor Straits 

 is a few degrees lower than it is in the same latitude both 

 east and west. Seebohm judges tliat the mean for sum- 

 mer will be aliout 5° C, whereas the mean for regions 

 due east on the Yenisei is nearly 15° C. Nordenskiold 

 recorded in 1876, in the middle of August, a maximum 

 temperature of 20° C. at Goltschieka; but two weeks later, 

 with winds from the ice-floes to the north, the temperature 

 was oidy 1°'3 C. ! 



During September, when we were anchored in the Straits, 

 5° C. was recorded once, with southerly winds; the mean of 

 the readings taken by us was 1°'5 C; whilst — 2° C. was 



