104 



NOTES AND QUERIES. 



[2<«» S. IX. Feb. 11. '60. 



whom these editions were prepared, or whether 

 there may not have been some other cause for the 

 name ? I find the well-known Aldine symbol of 

 the "dolphin and anchor" early used by the Pari- 

 sian printers. Take, for instance, an Aldine Ta- 

 citus before me : here is the usual badge of Aldus, 

 and the following description of the printer of this 

 particular work : — 



" Parisiis, apud Robert um Colonibellum via ad D. Io- 

 annaem Lateranensem in Aldina Bibliotheca mdlxxxi. 

 Cum privilegio Regis." 



Now was the term " Delphin" taken out of com- 

 pliment to the future monarch of France, or had 

 it been previously applied to the printed classics 

 in memory of the Venetian father and promoter 

 of classical publications ? Or was it perhaps a 

 chance admixture of these two ideas ? I forget to 

 how many volumes the Delphin series extends, 

 but even the brain of embi-yo royalty coidd hardly 

 have waded through one-tenth of the number. 



C. Le Poeb Kennedy. 



[It must be borne in mind that tbe dolphin was the 

 armorial bearing of tbe Dauphins of Auvergne from the 

 time of Guy the Fat in tbe twelfth century. This may 

 account for the origin of the name given to the celebrated 

 collection known as the Delphin Classics, consisting of 

 sixty volumes, printed between 1674 and 1694, and 

 originally destined for the use of the Dauphin, son of 

 Louis XIV. The device of Aldus Manutius was the 

 anchor and dolphin, borrowed from a silver medal of the 

 Emperor Titus, presented to Aldus by Cardinal Bembus. 

 On one side of the medal was the head of the Emperor; 

 on the reverse a dolphin twisted round an anchor; and 

 the emblem, or hieroglyphic, is supposed to correspond 

 with an adage (cm-ei^e /3paS«us) said to have been the 

 favourite motto of Augustus. That venerable biblio- 

 grapher Sir Egerton Brydges thus poetically eulogises 

 the device of Aldus : — 



" Would you still be safely landed, 

 On the Aldine anchor ride; 

 Never yet was vessel stranded 

 With the dolphin by its side. 



" Nor time nor envy e'er shall canker 

 Tbe sign that is my lasting pride ; 

 Joy, then, to the Aldine anchor, 

 And the dolphin at its side! 



" To the dolphin, as we're drinking, 

 Life, and health, and joy we send ; 

 A poet once he saved from sinking*, 

 And still he lives — the poet's friend."] 



Barley Sugar. — Can you inform me whence 

 the term " Barley Sugar " (a misnomer as far as 

 barley is concerned) is derived? Am I right in 

 supposing it to be a corruption from " Morlaix 

 sucre ? " Sucre de Morlaix," in Brittany. T. C. 



[Barley sugar appears to have been so called, because 

 formerly in making it the practice was to boil up the 

 sugar with a decoction of barley. " Barley sugar, sac- 

 charum hordeatum . . . should be boiled up with a decoction 

 of barley, whence it takes its name. In lieu thereof, they 

 now generally use common water. To give it the brigh- 



f_* Ario, a lyric poet and musician.] 



ter amber colour, they sometimes cast saffron into it." 

 Chambers's Cyclop. 1788. See also Ogilvie's Imp. Die- 

 tionary, and Pereira's Mat. Med. The corresponding 

 French name is Sucre oVorge, " substance formee de Sucre 

 et d'eau d'orge, roule'e en batons." (Bescherelle.) We 

 have no knowledge of the " Sucre de Morlaix ; " but shall 

 be happy to make acquaintance with it.] 



" ESSAIES PoLITICKE AND MoRALT,, 

 By D. T., Gent. Printed by H. L. for Mathew Lownes, 

 dwelling in Paules Churchyard, 1608. Small 8vo., pp. 

 138. With Six pages of Title and Dedication to the 

 Right Honorable and vertuous Ladie, the Ladie Anne 

 Harington." 



Can any of your readers throw light on the 

 authorship of this able and well-written series of 

 essays ? Lowndes notes the existence of such a 

 work, without saying in what collection it is to be 

 found. J. M. 



[Attributed to Daniel Tuvill. The work is in the 

 British Museum. ] 



Longevity. — I possess a thick duodecimo of 

 about 500 pages, with the following title : — 



" Viri Illustris Nicolai Claudii Fabricii de Peiresc, Se- 

 natoris Aquisextiensis Vita, per Petrum Gassendum, &c. 

 Hag® Comitis, 1651." 



In it there is given the following instance of 

 longevity in England : — 



" Preeter haec, copiose disseruit de hominum longjevi- 

 tate, occasione illius senis, qui superiore Novembri occu- 

 btieiat in Anglia, post exactos annos centum et quinqua- 

 ginta duos," p. 462. 



This was in the year 1636. Does any one 

 know who this alderman of 152 was ? H. B. 



[" The old man in England " is no other than that ex- 

 traordinary instance of longevity, Thomas Parr; who, 

 through the change of air and diet in the court of Charles 

 I., where he was exhibited by the Earl of Arundel, died 

 in 1635, at the age of one hundred and fifty-two years 

 and nine months. His body was opened by Dr. Harvey, 

 who discovered no internal marks of decay.] 



White Elephant. — I have recently seen an 

 old portrait of a gentleman in black armour wear- 

 ing a white elephant jewelled, suspended round 

 the neck by a broad blue ribbon. Will some 

 of your readers till me what this decoration 

 means ? I am anxious to ascertain whom the por- 

 trait represents. J. C. H. 



[The Order of the White Elephant of Denmark was 

 instituted by Canute IV. in 1190, and renewed by Chris- 

 tian I., some say in 1458, others in 1478. The collar of 

 the order at first was composed of elephants and crosses 

 formed anchor-wise. They were linked together, and 

 suspended from them was an image of the Virgin Mary, 

 surrounded with a glory, and holding the Infant Jesus 

 upon her arm. This badge and collar were afterwards 

 changed ; and in the place of the former was substituted 

 an elephant of gold and white enamel, with tusks and 

 trunk of gold. It stands upon a mound of green ena- 

 melled earth, and bears upon its back a tower or castle, 

 furnished with tire-arms. This, above and below, is set 

 with diamonds, and beneath the tower is a small cross 

 consisting of five diamonds, which is placed on the side 

 of the elephant. Upon the neck of the animal is seated 



