112 



NOTES AND QUERIES. 



L2»<1 S. IX. Feb. 11. '60. 



tion him in connexion with either branch of the 

 family of Maud. He is, however, generally un- 

 derstood to be, and no doubt was, a member of the 

 Yorkshire branch, descended from Eustace-de- 

 mont-alto, surnamed the Norman Hunter. His first 

 entrance into active life appears to have been as 

 surgeon on board the " Harfleur," Capt. Lord H. 

 Poulet, who, on succeeding to the title of Duke 

 of Bolton, appointed him agent for his northern 

 estates. He resided at Bolton Hall. He travelled, 

 making the tour of Italy, Spain, and Germany, 

 and after visiting the northern countries of Eu- 

 rope returned to his native country. He after- 

 wards retired to Burley in Wharfdale, where he 

 built Burley House, and spent the latter part of 

 his life, and died 23rd Dec. 1798, aged eighty-one 

 years. His published poems are — 1. Wensleydale, 

 or Rural Contemplations, 4to. Of this there ap- 

 pear to have been three editions, viz. 1771, 1780, 

 and 1816. 2. Verbeia, or Wharfdale, descriptive 

 and didactic, with Notes, 4to. 1782. 3. Viator, or 

 a Journey from London to Scarbro' by way of 

 York, with Notes Historical and Topographical, 

 4to. 4. The Invitation or Urbanity, 4to. 1791. 

 See Barker's Three Days of Wensleydale ; Moun- 

 sey's Wharfdale; Jones's History of Harewood ; 

 Hart's Lectures on Wharfdale, &c. C. F. 



Makriage Law (2 nd S. viii. 328.) — M. hardly 

 takes the right view of the law prevailing prior to 

 the Act of Geo. II., although he is very near it 

 when he says it was " the old law of Christendom," 

 being in fact the civil or canon law although the 

 English Jurists deny it, and deny at the same 

 time that •marriage ever was in the English law 

 regarded as a sacrament. The essence of the 

 Roman civil law of marriage, mistaken by M. for 

 the Scotch, is consent. It need not be given, as he 

 supposes, in presence of witnesses, but must be 

 capable of being proved. In England, however, 

 he will, I think, find no case in which marriages 

 have ever been held valid unless performed in 

 facie ecclesia. The explanation he requires is 

 probably this — that his old Encyclopaedia of 1774 

 (Qy. Rees' ?) was partly the work of a Scotch 

 compiler, who engrafted his own notions on an 

 English stem. M'Phun's " Old Lawyer." 



Lloyd, or Floyd, the Jesuit (2 nd S.ix. 13.55.) 

 — Biographical memoirs of this celebrated Jesuit 

 will be found in Sotovelli Bibl. Script. Soc. Jes., 

 p. 449. ; in Oliver's Collections towards Illustrating 

 the Biography of the Scotch, English, and I? ish 

 Members of the Society of Jesus, p. 94. ; and in 

 Rose's Biog. Diet. Thompson Cooper. 



Cambridge. 



Sir Henry Rowswell (2 nd S. ix. 47.) — He 

 was sheriff" of Devon in 1629, and sold Ford Ab- 

 bey, in 1649, to Edmund Prideaux, Esq., second 

 son of Sir Edm. Prideaux. See History of Ford 

 Abbey, London, 1846. C. J. Robinson. 



Names of Numbers and the Hand (2" a S. viii. 

 529.) — Bosworth's Anglo-Saxon Dictionary, not- 

 withstanding its general excellence, contains some 

 etymologies which philology had already exploded 

 prior to its publication in 1838 ; amongst these, 

 by inadvertence, appears the absurd fancy of 

 Jakel, who, in his German Origin of the Latin 

 Language (p. 98.), states that the names of the 

 numerals ten, twenty, and hundred are all derived 

 from the Teutonic for hand. I say, by inadvert- 

 ence, because Bosworth has shown in his intro- 

 duction (p. iv.) that the names of all the numerals 

 in the "Japhetic" class are derived from the oldest 

 of that class, the Sanscrit. 



The English numeral ten and the German zehn, 

 in common with all the other Germanic dialects, 

 are from the Moeso-Gothic taihun ; as the Ro- 

 manic dialects form this numeral from the Latin 

 decern (pronounced dekem by the Romans) and the 

 Greek Sena. These, with the Gaelic deich and 

 Celtic deg, are all derived from the Sanscrit da- 

 chan. If, therefore, the meaning of our word ten 

 is to be sought, it may be found, according to a 

 suggestion of Eichhotf* (Vergleichung, p. 93.) in 

 the Sanscrit word dach, to cut, to break, because 

 the series from one, being broken, again com- 

 mences, with the addition of one cypher. 



In like manner the English hundred and Ger- 

 man hundert are from the Mceso-Gothic hund. 

 So this number in the Romanic dialects is to be 

 traced to the Latin centum (pron. kentuni) and the 

 Greek tKar6v ; and these, with the Gaelic ciad 

 (pron. kiad) and Celtic cant, are all from the 

 Sanscrit chatan, which Eichhoff* conceives to have 

 been derived from cai, and, in reference to the 

 second cypher, meaning to cease, to finish, to 

 close. 



All the numerals in use by Europeans as well 

 as by Persians may be traced, on comparison, to 

 the Sanscrit, e. g. 1 unas, 2 dvi, 3 tri, 4 catur, 

 5 pancan, 6 sas, 7 saptan, 8 astan, 9 navan. 



The Shemitic class of languages form their nu- 

 merals very differently from the Indo- Germanic. 

 The Hebrew, as best known, may be taken as a 

 type of this class, e.g. 1 echad, 2 shenaim, 3 she- 

 losha, 4 arbaah, 5 chamisha, 6 shisha*, 7 shevea, 

 8 shemona, 9 thishea, 10 eshra, 100 meah. In 

 none of the above words does the English hand, 

 or its equivalent in the above languages, form 

 any portion of the names of their numerals. An 

 examination of Balbi's Atlas Ethnographufie du 

 Globe will show if the word hand or its equivalent 

 is to be found in the numerals of any of the nu- 

 merous languages known to comparative philo- 

 logy. T. J. Buckton. 



Chalking Lodgings (2 nd S. ix. 63.) — The 

 custom recorded in the Liber Albus, of marking 



* The only numeral with a sound resembling the Indo- 

 Germanic class. 



