2 nd S. IX. Mar. 24. '60.] 



NOTES AND QUERIES. 



229 



not law or equitie in judgements, but only what 

 way to procure masses of money." I will not 

 warrant the correctness of Sir Henry's transla- 

 tion, except as far as this particular expression is 

 concerned. W . N. L. 



The ancient writers who employ this expres- 

 sion or others nearly resembling it, are quoted by 

 Menage (on Diog. Laert. iv. 49) and by Meineke 

 (in Schneidewin's Philologus, vol. iii. pp. 320, 321). 

 The three passages most to the purpose are in 

 Cic. Philipp. v. c. 2. §. 5 (nervos belli, pecuniam 

 infinitam) ; Schol. Pind. Olymp. i. 4 (ceDoa toC 

 noXenov 6 xpwts) ; and in Georgius Pisida, a 

 Byzantine writer of the seventh century, Heracl. i. 

 163 (ytvpo. T7)j /ttaX') s d TrAoOros). 



A reference to any good lexicon will show that 

 a similar metaphorical use of the word "sinew" 

 is to be found in Demosthenes ; and Diodorus 

 Siculus, as emended by Meineke (I. c), proves 

 that "Money the sinews of business" was a 

 familiar proverb in the time of Augustus. 



J. E. B. Mayor. 



St. John's College, Cambridge. ) 



For earlier uses of the above phrase, see — 



1. Cicero, Phil. v. 2. § 5. "Nervi belli, pecunia 

 infinita." 



2. Cicero, Pro Lege Manilla, 7. § 17. "Vecti- 

 galia nervos esse reipublicas semper duximus." 



3. Tacitus, Hist. ii. 84. " Nihil seque fatigabat 

 quam pecuniarum conquisitio : eos esse belli 

 civilis nervos dictitans," &c. P. J. F. Gantillon. 



Bunyan' s " Pilgrim's Progress " (2 nd S. ix. 

 195.) — Did Bunyan glean from the Wandering 

 Knight ? — 



" . . . Ithuriel with his spear 

 Touch'd lightly; for no falsehood can endure 

 Touch of celestial temper." — Paradise Lost, iv. 810. 



'Tis passing strange that Ithuriel could find 

 any likeness with the pilgrim's Slough of Despond 

 and the Wandering Knight. He having lived in 

 the palace of Worldly Felicity went out upon his 

 horse Temerity with a noble company hawking. 

 " In our pasture I breathed my horse, and sud- 

 denly saw the palace sink into the earth, with 

 everybody therein. Then did arise a whirl-wind 

 and Earth-quake, which set us all asunder, in 

 so much that I and my horse sunk in mire up to 

 the saddle, with an air of brimstone, and nothing 

 near me but serpents — snakes — adders, and 

 venomous worms. I fell in despair — wailed — 

 howled — scratched my face, and called myself a 

 wretch, an ass, a miserable fool." In this way he 

 goes on for two chapters. At length a lady of 

 marvellous majesty came to him in white satten — 



her face like the sun — and helped him out of this 

 beastly bog — leaving his horse, and governess 

 Folly, to fish for frogs." If Ithuriel will turn to 

 Psalm lxix. he will find a much more probable idea 

 of the groundwork in composing that part of the 

 Pilgrim. I have again read the Wandering Knight, 

 and again assert my conviction, that if Bunyan 

 had seen it, which is not at all likely, there " is 

 no similarity" whatsoever between it and the Pil- 

 grim's Progress to shake the solemn assertion of 

 its talented author : 



" Manner and matter too was all mine own, 

 The whole and ev'ry whit is mine." 



Advertisement to the Holy War. 



George Offor. 



East Anglican Pronunciation (2 od S. viii. 

 483.) — The remark that "many things considered 

 vulgarisms are not so " is very applicable to the 

 dialect of the Eastern Counties. None but a 

 native familiar with the peasantry can fully under- 

 stand the extent to which it is there exemplified. 

 It applies not only to Anglo-Saxon words pre- 

 served and handed down traditionally, but also, 

 in many instances, to what is usually regarded as 

 merely a vulgar pronunciation. A real Norfolk or 

 Suffolk man is familiar with the use of the terms 

 in the Jirst column subjoined, as bearing the inter- 

 pretation in the second. They betray their deri- 

 vation from the A.-S. words in the third. 



No doubt many other examples might be ad- 

 duced. The Suffolk ploughboy is a better scholar 

 than we take him to be. S. W. Rix. 



Beccles. 



Symbol of the Sow (2nd S. ix. 102.)— We 

 may often pursue symbolism too far, and I think 

 Mr. D'Aveney does this, when he seeks for a 

 legendary meaning in a sow and litter of pigs 

 carved on the shouldering of a stall end. The 

 young pigs being ten in number it may perhaps 

 have reference to ecclesiastical tithe; it can hardly 

 be a rustic version of the beautiful symbol of the 

 " pelican in her piety." Most likely, like many 



