492 



NOTES AND QUERIES. 



[2*» S. IX. June 23. ! 60. 



(Guillim, p, 114.)- Kent, in bis Banner Displayed, 

 vol. i. p. 207., attributes tbe same arms, viz. nz. 

 three crescents or, to the families of Kyder or 

 Eider, Harvey of Gloucester, llaby of Durham, 

 and Courtin of France. Sir Win. Ryder, Knight, 

 Lord Mayor of London in 1600, bore the same 

 arms with a mullet for difference. J. W. 



A Father's Justice (2" d S. ix. 426.) — The 

 story is told of Zaleucus, the famous Locrian law- 

 giver, by iElian, Var. Hist. xiii. 24. ; and Valerius 

 Maximus, vi. 5. ext. 3. W. 



Urchin (2 nd S. ix. 423.) — Allow me to submit 

 to your correspondent the following derivation of 

 the word urchin. Urchin is derived from the Ar- 

 moric Heureuchin, and appears to have been ap- 

 plied to a boy in the same manner as the word 

 hog to a man ; that is, as a designation of his dis- 

 agreeable uncivilised propensities. The word, I 

 think, is seldom, if ever, employed as the cogno- 

 men of a little boy without some idea of aversion, 

 although it indeed sometimes amounts only to 

 mere contempt. W. 13. 



Henry King (2 nd S. ix. 432.) — The preface to 

 Henry King's Metrical Version of the Psalms is 

 subscribed H. K. with a B.C. interlaced, which is 

 no doubt the monogram used in the Antidote 

 against Error, and rightly conjectured by Lord 

 Monson to apply to the Bishop of Chichester. 



J. O. 



March Hares (2 nd S. viii. 514.) — As I con- 

 tributed the explanation of this proverb to Wright's 

 Diet, of Obsolete and Provincial Words, whence it 

 was copied, I presume, into the recent edition of 

 Nares' Glossary, permit me to say that I have 

 bad ocular demonstration of its correctness. 

 After two or three warm days in early spring I 

 have seen hares performing strange antics — run- 

 ning a few feet up the stems of trees which were 

 slightly out of the perpendicular, falling down on 

 their backs, leaping up into the air, and uttering 

 strange cries (called by old bunting authors beat- 

 ins; or tapping.) If any reader of " N. & Q." still 

 has his doubts, let him ask some intelligent game- 

 keeper, tbe best of field naturalists; or, still bet- 

 ter, let him ascend a tree in a covert well stocked 

 with these pernicious animals, on such a day as I 

 have described (about five o'clock p.m.) and keep 

 quiet, and he will soon see and hear for himself. 



E. G. R. 



Milton's Sonnet to Henry Lawes (2 nd S. ix 

 337. 395.) — Perhaps some of the Cambridge cor- 

 respondents of " N. & Q." will be kind enough to 

 examine Milton's autograph of this sonnet, and 

 inform us whether tbe original title be as stated 

 by me (on tbe authority of Dr. Todd), " To my 

 friend, M r . Hen. Lawes, feb. 9. 1645, on tbe pub- 

 lishing of bis Aires ; " or, as conjectured by C. E. 

 " To M'. H. Laweson his Aires." W. H. Husk. 



Plough (2 nd S. viii. 431.522.) — In Dorset- 

 shire and Somerset, the instrument, for tilling land 

 is called a sull or syll, which is the A.-S. name. 

 Hence selion (Fr. sillon), a ridge or "stetcb" in 

 a ploughed field. But I have some doubts as to 

 P. H. F.'s statement as to tbe meaning of the 

 law-Latin word caruca. Indeed I incline to the 

 opinion that caruca and Lord Feversham's 

 "plough" both meant what is called in other 

 parts of England " a team." The team, I ima- 

 gine, consisted of two yoke at least. In Norfolk, 

 where we plough with two horses, the " teamer " 

 consists of four horses (not _/?!•£, as Halliwell says 

 incorrectly). And I imagine, though I do not 

 wish to be positive, that where they plough with 

 three horses, six make a team. In the only Nor- 

 folk farm with which I am acquainted, where all 

 tbe ploughing was done with oxen, to two ploughs 

 eight oxen were kept. Each plough was drawn 

 by two oxen, which were changed four times a- 

 day, and jn hot weather even more often ; and 

 humanity demands this for ruminant animals. 

 But to my proof as to caruca. Rotuli Hundredo- 

 rum, vol. i. p. 157., col. a. Coin. Essex : " Dicunt 

 quod Galfr. de Mores subescaetor cessit caruc' 

 Richardi Clerici de Magna Brigh' scilicet vj boves 

 et ij°* stottos prec' vj marc', &c." " Caruc" here, 

 whether tbe word be carucam or carucas, must be 

 "team" or "teams." Also Cowel's Interpreter, 



VOCe PRECARIiE : — 



" Et etiam debet venire, quolibet anno ad duas preca- 

 rias caruca; cum caruca sua si habet integrani carucam, 

 vel de parte quam habeat caruca? quum habet, si caru- 

 cam non habeat integrani et tunc arare debet utroque 

 die quantum potest a mane usque ad meridiem," &c. 



Part of a team might have been of use, even one 

 yoke might be sufficient, as be bad to plough only 

 half tbe day ; but part of a plough or cart, if he 

 had not a whole one, could have been of no use. 



I conclude, therefore, that the jugerum was as 

 much as a yoke of oxen could plough in a day ; a 

 bovate or ox-gang as much as a yoke could plough 

 in a season, not one ox as generally defined ; and a 

 ploughland or carucate as much as a team could 

 plough in a season. Of course this varied with 

 tbe description of soil. My private opinion, too, 

 is that Richard Clerk's six bullocks and two stots 

 only made one team. E. G. R. 



Publication or Banns (2 nd S. viii. 227. 541.) 



— One of our judges — Baron Alderson I think 



— laid down the rule that tbe proper way of re- 

 conciling the Rubric and the Act of Parliament is, 

 in those places where there is morning service, to 

 publish the banns after the Nicene creed, but 

 when there is only afternoon service, to publish it 

 after the second lesson. Just at tbe time that 

 this dictum was laid down, it happened that I had 

 to publish tbe banns between an old man of seventy 

 and a girl of nineteen, and did so immediately 

 after reading, as second lesson, the account of the 



