LAWNS 63 
the dark green of the blue-grass. In the southern portion 
of the United States where the climate is too hot in sum- 
mer for blue-grass, Bermuda-grass is the common lawn- 
grass, except in certain localities along the coast. It is the 
only lawn-grass that will withstand the summer condi- 
tions on the uplands of the South. The foliage is not 
resistant to frost, hence lawns turn brown or yellow in 
winter, but the plants are not killed except by greater 
cold than usually prevails south of Virginia. St. Lucie- 
grass is a variety of Bermuda especially adapted to lawns, 
as it is fine in texture. This form is much used in Florida. 
81. Less important lawn-grasses.—St. Augustine- 
grass is a coarse-leaved species used on moist, mucky soil 
of the lower coastal region. It is in use as far north as 
Wilmington, North Carolina. As the seed is not on the 
market it is propagated by cuttings. 
Carpet-grass is another species, with. comparatively 
coarse foliage and creeping or stoloniferous stems, adapted 
to the moist region of the Gulf coast. It occurs naturally 
there and tends to invade the open moist grassland of 
pastures and lawns. The seed is not on the market but 
the plant may be propagated by cuttings. 
Canada blue-grass is sometimes used on sterile clay or 
lime-poor soils of the humid regions, where blue-grass 
does not thrive. 
Fescue grasses are rarely used alone but are often 
sown in mixtures. Various-leaved fescue is used under 
trees on lawns as it thrives better than other grasses in 
partial shade. All the fescues used for lawn mixtures, red 
fescue, hard fescue, sheep’s fescue, firm-leaved fescue and 
various-leaved fescue have short, firm leaves that require 
little cutting, but they are all bunch grasses and it is diffi- 
cult to produce with them a uniform turf. 
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