HORDEA 239 
or smooth wheats. In all the 
true wheats, the grain is free 
from the lemma and palea 
(the chaff). 
264. Spelt and emmer are 
considered by some as varie- 
ties of wheat, by others as 
distinct species, the first being 
T. spelta, the second T’. dicoc- 
cum (Fig. 59). They differ 
from wheat in having an artic- 
ulated rachis, and grains per- 
manently inclosed in the 
glumes and lemmas. When 
threshed, the spike breaks up 
into the internodes of the 
rachis, each with a _ spikelet 
attached. In wheat, the 
threshing process removes the 
grains from the spikelets and 
leaves the rachis entire. The 
head or spike of emmer is 
compact, resembling that of 
bearded wheat. The spike of mya. 59. Triticum dicoccum, In- 
spelt is more slender and loose.  Foff ene ee Gator the 
Emmer has been intro- ™™* ** 
duced into cultivation in recent years as a dry-land pro- 
duct in the Great Plains region, the grain being used in 
the same manner as barley for feeding stock. The statistics 
for this crop are given in the census report under “‘emmer 
and spelt.” Since the amount of spelt cultivated is 
insignificant, the figures apply mostly to emmer. The 
production of this crop is given in Table XI (Par. 9). 
~S 
