NOMENCLATURE 253 
hyphen. Similarly, the specific name may be composed 
of two parts having other relations, as Opuntia Ficus- 
indica, Puccinia Marie-Wilsoni, Polypodium Donnell- 
Smithiz. An extreme case is Prosaptia Frederici et Paulv. 
Native names of plants have been used as specific names 
without being latinized, giving rise to such names as 
Vigna Catjang and Dolichos Lablab. Another category of 
nominatives as specific names is illustrated by words end- 
ing in cola (an inhabitant of) such as Poa sazicola, 
Astragalus monticola, Panicum oricola, P. sphagnicola. 
275. Names of a lower category Subdivisions of the 
species are sometimes recognized, these being, subspecies, 
variety, subvariety and form. The names used to indicate 
these subdivisions are formed in the same manner as 
specific names. If the name is an adjective it should agree 
with the genus in gender. The usual subdivision of the 
species is the variety. There are two general methods of 
writing the names of the subdivisions of the species. Most 
European and many American botanists write the name, 
for example, thus: Festuca rubra var. multiflora.. The 
other method, used by many American botanists, is to 
recognize but one named category below the species, to 
call this the subspecies, and to write the name as a trino- 
mial, thus: Festuca rubra multiflora. 
276. Transferring specific names.—As indicated under 
Classification, the botanist’s conception of a species or of 
its relation to other species may change as his knowledge 
concerning these species increases, and the opinions of 
different botanists are not infrequently in disagreement 
concerning the same species. Consequently it may 
become necessary to transfer a species from one genus to 
another, thus causing a corresponding change in the name. 
The specific name is retained under the new genus pro- 
