of Western Afghanistan and North-Eastern Persia. 17 



Asal — ya\ — the root, origiu, source. Asid, a 

 medicine made up of several roots. 



Asal-dlsus — pronounced asal-dsus — ,j^y^\] y*£>\ — the 

 root of the Liquorice phmt Glycyrrhiza glabra. 



Asal-pishdh, ascd-poslidk — [the source of the small 

 bark]. The Elm, Ulmus species. 



A sdl — y**£. — Honey. 



Asharg — the flowers of Delphinium Zalil. 



Ash — Fraxixus oxyphylla, and another species. 



Ashar — j.^ — or ashlr, any milky plant. 



Ashtak — »»Ca^I — swaddling clothes. The dried flesh 

 of the Apricot, Prunus Armeniaca, also astah. 



Asp — L_^*«' — a horse. 



Asp-i-kema — [the kema, as high as a man on horse- 

 back]. The plant Dorema glabrum. 



Ass (domestic), the Donkey, khar. 



The ass in this district of Persia is to the Persian agri- 

 cuhurist his sole means of conveying his material and self to 

 and from his fields, or market, as well as for ploughing his 

 fields. In Afghanistan and by the Afghans this animal is 

 not commonly used. 



Ass (wild), Equus hemionus. 

 Astar — jji^] — dstdr — -j\j<m,\ — a mule. 



Astragalus Gompholobium, Benfh. Leguhinos^; and 

 Astragalus species, specimen No. 1047, collected May 21, 

 1885. 



The pods of both these species are large, as large as a good 

 sized gooseberry, inflated and full of li({uid ; these are collected 

 by the natives and eaten, being called anf/ural; and Jcharbuze. 

 They are nice in flavour, somewhat like young green peas. As 

 the pods ripen the fluid becomes absorbed and the pods soon 

 become like dry leather, when the peas rattle in the interior. 



Astragalus heratensis, Bunge. Leguminos^, and Astragalus 

 species, specimen Xo. 571, May 25, 1885. 



The shrub gahlna, horn, Icon, hum. These two species of 

 Astragalus are very common in the stony soil of the Hari- 



TRAXS. BOT. SOC. VOL. XVIII. C 



