of Western Afghanistan and NortJi- Eastern Persia. 23 



obtained is a saleable article in all villages and towns where 

 it is locally expended, and as far as I could hear there is no 

 export trade in it. It is employed in the manufacture of 

 soap and glass, in the preparation of skins during the process 

 of tanning in the removal of the hair, and in washing. 



Bark — -jjfos^, f)osh. 



Ba } 'I- — o;.j — Liglitniug. 



Baeley — -Jao, jow, Hordeum species. 



Barley harsh — jao-tursh, Hordeum yulgare. 



Barley huskless — -jao-makai, Hordeum hexasti- 

 CHUM, Yar. 



Barley pickles — -ja o - da na. 



Barley sweet — jao-shirln, Hordeum hexastichum. 



Barley of the desert — jao-dashtl, Hordeum 

 ithaburexse. 



Bdrshonk — Bamboo-grass, Pexxisetum dichotomum. 



Bdrtang — \lS^J^, — the seeds of several species of 

 Plaxtago are employed as a drug under this 

 name. 



Bcivud — ijj^'j — Gunpowder. 



Bdrzat, harzad — vj^'o — hlrzand, Galbanum, the gum- 

 resin of Ferula galbaniflua. 



Basket — sahad, sapad, scd>at, hoar, and Jcoara. 



The coarsest forms of basket-work, such as are employed 

 in the walls of houses, the construction of roofs, the building 

 of enclosures for cattle, and the formation of breakwaters to 

 dam up the flow of water, are usually constructed of the 

 branches of the willow, poplar, and tamarisk ; the finer kinds 

 of basket-work of the reeds Aruxdo and Phragmites, and by 

 far the best for quality and fineness from the annual shoots 

 of the Judas tree, Cercis Siliquastrum. Not frequently are 

 to be seen baskets made from the leaves of the bulrush, 

 Typha species. 



Bat — shapara. A small bat, a butterfly, or moth — 



sliahparah, shaprak, shaupral:. 

 Bata — Punjabi for Periploca aphylla. 



