134 Brigade-Surgeon J. E. T. Aitchison's Notes on Producta 



Molasses (solid), sla-kand ; <jur (Hind), Is very 

 largely imported from India and Southern 

 Persia. 



Mom, for mum — bees -wax. 



Momldl, a corruption of mumidi, a natural pitch. 



Morus alba, Linn. IJRTicACBiE. 



The Mulberry, tiU ; often pronounced tutli. A universally 

 cultivated tree found in all gardens, orchards, and in the 

 vicinity of dwellings ; it is cultivated, in the first place, for 

 its leaves for feeding silkworms upon ; secondly, for the shade 

 and protection it gives to an orchard generally ; and lastly, 

 its fruit comes in for use. It is a common and apparently 

 indigenous tree throughout the Badghis and Khorasan, at 

 an altitude of 3000 feet, in a rocky limestone country in the 

 vicinity of streams. The fruit of the indigenous tree is 

 usually white, of the cultivated tree black, but of the latter I 

 have seen trees having some of the branches bearing white 

 fruit, whereas the fruit on the rest of the tree was black. In 

 the Tirband range a Mulberry is a common, well-known, indi- 

 genous tree, but I have no authority as regards the species, but 

 in all probability it is Morus alha. From the hill of Malik- 

 dan, near Galicha, in Baluchistan, I got specimens of an 

 indigenous Mulberry. 



The commencement of all orchards seems to be a low wall, 

 of some 4 feet in height, enclosing a space of ground 

 capable of being irrigated. On the inner side of this wall is 

 planted out a row of ungrafted mulberry trees, and for the 

 first year or two the enclosed space is grown with Lucerne, 

 Barley, and a few vegetables. As the trees grow up, and 

 begin to give shelter and shade, the rest of the ground is 

 planted out with fruit trees, such as Apricots, Plums, and 

 Elceagnus, which usually are the earlier ones to be introduced 

 into an orchard. As long as the mulberries are young, they 

 are valued for feeding silkworms on, with their leaves ; as 

 they get old they are not considered good for this purpose, 

 and other young trees are successively reared, the older 

 trees becoming more valuable for the greater amount of 

 shelter and shade they give the orchards. 



The fruit of these ungrafted trees is not considered worth 



