438 Mr Berwick's Observations on 



larger than an adult leaf does not satisfactorily account for 

 two of the cotyledonary glands — the two embryonic glands 

 — being larger than any gland developed in the axil of a 

 leaf. For these two cotyledonary glands attain their 

 maximum development when the cotyledons are still no 

 larger than the ordinary leaves, and are still half in the soil 

 (Plate III., fig. 3), owing to the bending of the hypocotyl. 



The mature glands of the whorl of stipules and leaves 

 become brown, and are therefore easily seen with the naked 

 eye. But before maturity they are scarcely visible ; on 

 tearing away fresh cotyledons, however, the group of glands is 

 easily seen with the naked eye. Prof. Lawson notes that 

 globules of oil * are given off by the glands of Cinchona 

 Calisaya, Willd. ; the same feature is seen in fresh glands of 

 Galiiim Aparine. 



In numerous embryos dissected out from seeds of Sherardia 

 arvensis, L., gathered in the University Garden from a 

 withered plant on the day of examination, the albumen 

 being horny, two glands were invariably found in the axil 

 of the cotyledons, as in Galium Aparine ; and also, as in 

 Galium Aparine, no plumule was noticed at this stage. 

 These embryonic glands must have some important function 

 in these two plants. Their rapid growth and multiplication 

 in Galium Aparine is very striking. 



In numerous embryos of Coffea arabica, L., examined, no 

 glands were discovered in the axils of the cotyledons, but I 

 found them in the axil of a mature cotyledon. These 

 cotyledons resemble those of Fagus sylvatica, so much that a 

 germinated coffee plant is apt to be taken for a germinated 

 beech. They are functional for a considerable time, the 

 cotyledon examined being taken from a plant six months 

 old and nine inches above the ground. Hanstein, in a paper 

 " On Eesin and Mucilage producing Organs in Buds," t refers 

 to the resin-producing glands of the interpetiolar stipules in 

 Coffea, those in the buds being similar to those in the 

 adult stipules, only smaller. Prof. Lawson also refers to the 

 glands of the interpetiolar stipules in Cofea, but they may 

 not have been hitherto noticed in the axils of the cotyle- 

 dons. In the above papers no mention is made of glands 



* Trans. Bot. Soc. Edin. (1856), vol. v., part i., pp. 5, 6. 

 + Botanische Zeitung, 23rd Oct. 1863, p. 711. 



