From Tunnaicha to Ochopokka, \ve find a terrace coast witli cliffs of Tertiary 

 rocks, above sandy beaches with submarine shelves. 



On the south of Tunnaicha, there is the large lake of the same name ; the hills 

 on its south coast separating it from the northern basin of the Chipesani 

 lake, which again communicates with a narrow opening to the southern or smaller 

 one. Although the latter basin is separated from the sea by a sandy ground of 

 slight elevation, the larger one as well as the Tunnaicha lake, and its western 

 neighbour the Omuto, can not be simply regarded as lagoons on sandy shores. 

 The opening of the last lake into the sea lies between Tertiary terrace-lands, while 

 the shores of the Tunnaicha lake are hills, and not the simple eminences of Quater- 

 nary deposits. The sand of the sea-side on the east of Tunnaicha covers the 

 Tertiary rocks of the hills. 



From Ochopokka to Sakaihama, we observe the steeper side of the apparently 

 asymmetric meridional range of the western part of the Susuya Mountains. Except 

 on the southern region, which consists of Tertiary rocks, we find there rough sceneries 

 mostly of crystalline schists, but partly of ordinary sediments of the Palaeozoic. 

 There are perpendicular rock-cliffs with huge boulders below, and reefs and rocks 

 in the sea water. 



Now we go over the sea directly to the north coast of Patience bay, and 

 observe the Northeastern Mountain-land. PVom Nayoro to Nokoro, there is 

 geologically speaking not much to be observed, for the whole coast is a sandy 

 plain of the river-mouth of the Poronai. From Nokoro to Cape Patience, there are 

 terrace-cliffs of Tertiary rocks, in which andesite occupies a small area near 

 Yangenai. The so-called " Funakoshi " (that is an overland passage for a small 

 boat !) lies on the lake Solenuiya. Here the natives, who wish to pass over from 

 Patience bay to the outer sea, drag their boat over a land of only about 150 meters 

 in width lying between the lake and the bay, and then row out to the sea, in 

 order to save the time and labour of turning round Cape Patience, projecting out 

 like the end of the elephant's proboscis. On the north coast of Patience Bay, we 

 usually observe the westward bend of rivers at their opening into the sea. 



The small island Kaihyoto, or " the island of sea-dogs," as it is not very 

 properly named, is a breeding place of the other sea-mammals. It is nothing but a 

 little land detached from the peninsula on its north, just like a series of smaller 

 rocks, making hindrances to navigation round the cape by a short course. The 

 island is a very flat piece of land of about 1 5 meters in average height with sandy 

 plains all round, and consists of Tertiary rocks, granite (?J being there found only 

 as huge boulders. The whole length of the island is only about 700 meters.^ 



