WATAXAr.K : OX THE So-CAl.LEI» liLAC K-HEAl» OF TUKKEY. {]\) 



thickoiu'd. Till' tiilMTCuloii-s ek'vr.tions are. on tlic otlur hand, notliiug more tluiu 

 mas!Ä\'< vi' ix»nij>act but brittle bixliet; adheriiiu- to tlie nuuoiis membrane of tlie 

 eoxii ; they are yellow or yellowish-white in e<^lour and fall ott' by a sli2:ht toueli. 

 The elevations ixnir in more numerou.-? number in the distal part than iu the 

 proximal. 



I have repeatedly exanuiie«! the.se eurious bodies detached ; ueverthless I could 

 not determine, whether they are parasitie iu nature <>r mere coagulated fluid. At 

 auv rate, the .sections through these bodies are staincxl intensely l^v the Hansen's 

 haemaloxyline, but slightly by congo-red. Those ix>iuts ot coecal walls, on which 

 the btxlies are found, beeiuue .^onietimes slightly thickened, owing to the submucosa 

 patholi^>gicrJly thiekeniHl ; .sometimes this is not the case. In either «ise, the walls 

 are depres.sed on these points, causing tlie mucous epithelium to sink down and the 

 tunica propria as well as the submucosa to be strongly pressed, so that there is 

 formell in eadi point a fminel-shajKHJl depression on the mucous epithelium. I can 

 not tell, what is the cause of these changes <:»f the caecal walls. It is, however, 

 b yond doubt, that the bodies in question are pathological protlucts, because there 

 was met with, iu spite of my ettV>rts, no tracc^ of such strange bixlies and such 

 changes of the cweal wall acompanving them in healthy coeca. I will turn awav 

 for a moment from this jxistulated point, to deal with it in future pages. 



Ix't us now pa.-« to the cause of another kind of thickenings which do not 

 lie under the curious bodies just referred to. On series of sections through the 

 d;sea.sed wall of the ctecum. we notice at the first sight a eertr.in abnormity of the 

 muct^s:i. especially that of the tunica propria. Furthermore .-iueh an abmirmal 

 feature of tiÄ^n«' is not unfrequently extended into the submucosa : even the miu\)U'^ 

 epithelium ollen suffers nn»re or les-< .^uch changes. A close microscopical ixaniina- 

 tion goes to show that the damages are cau.sed by a parasitic organism. 



^^umerons ovoid or roundish bodies are su.sjx'ndcd in the meshes of the rtt'euhitid 

 fibrous elements of the tunica propria. Examined in tlie pre.s< rved .s})ecimeus, each 

 of them is formed of the compact protoplasmic biuly enclo.-ine: a large di.-tinet 

 nucleus which is highly refractive. The cell Ivnly is 1.8-:>.0/<. in diameter, and 

 the nucleus O.S — 1.:**^ (whilo the cell of the .-^r-Uie kind found in tlie livt-r. is 

 2.5 — 4.0;«. in diameter, and tlie nucleus 1.0 — I.Ö/ü: riiJ ■ infra). ^Nfost frequently the 

 parasites otrur in grcmps consisting <>f two ov f>ur: their solitary «icrurrcinf, iiowcMr. 

 is often met with. 



I can tell ni»thing about their living state and tlie life-hi.-^torv thev pass 



