74 M i&— t W ,!'!> '^rBan-Mi-mx 



cases they are represented by mere points which also vary in size among tlicm- 

 selves. Tliese peculiar spots are greater in number on the upper surface than on 

 tlic under or gastral surface of the liver. In a surface-view they are i-ound or 

 ellipsoidal in outline and flattened or slightly depressed on tlieir surface, and are 

 l(-mon yellow or light ydlow in colour. On this grouiil colour, are seen dark 

 brown lines of varying forms: in some spots the lines mark a net-work and often 

 show irregular markings ; in others they are represented by radial striations sent 

 off from the center of tjie spot. Besides these sh:irply defined spots, there is another 

 kind of spots, showing mottled brownish colour and being marked off from the 

 surrounding liver tissue only by their darker colour, wliiie in some other cases, 

 there are found uniformly light yellowish spots, shr.ding away graduallv into the 

 surrounding tissue. The spots are often so liardened, that they can easily b:' tr.ken 

 off, by a slight touch, as plates or scales. 



The peculiar occurrences above referred to are due, self-evldently, to the patlio- 

 logical condition. Let us proceed to show, how they are caused. 



Observed in sections into which the diseased liver is divided, the liver tissue 

 beneath the above stated spots shows great changes. The hepatic cells are fused 

 together, and the nuclei become bigger, and are feebly stained. In some cases, the 

 liver cells are converted into fibrous net-like slructure containing neither nucleus, 

 nor blood capillaries and blood corpuscles, and are still less affected by certain 

 staining reagents such as the Delafield's haematoxyline, etc. The changes of the 

 liver tissue go so further that the whole tissue is transformed into a single homo- 

 geneous plate, containing no blood-vessel and no blood corjniscle at all. This plate 

 is to be hardly stained witli the above-mentioned haematoxyline or some other staining 

 fluids. 



Very curious, however, it is that, in and about the changed tissues of all the 

 kinds above enumerated, I can not make out, in spite of my efforts, anything to 

 be regarded as parasites. On the other hand, amidst the unclianged liver tissue, 

 lying apart from the above-mentioned changed tissues, I made out foreign cells, 

 two or four of which are in groups. Beyond doubt, these cells are parasites ; they 

 are, in all tlieir features, quite the same as those pointed out in the coecal walls, 

 except their bulk slightly greater than the cells of the latter lot, varying from 

 4.0 to 2.5/7. in diameter (see p. 69). 



These parasitic cells are detected in the meshes of the hejiatic cells as well as 

 in the places which were doubtless occupied formerly by the hepatic cells themselves 



