34 



TIMBER PINES OK THE SOUTIII'.KN UNITED STATES. 



riiH' among tlio Sliortloar I'iiio and line upland oak.s, tlic latter larf,'ely pii'vailinfj. On tin; .south 

 iuul west tlieso hills mergi' into an idovatcd plateau with a loose .soil of eoarsc white .sand. Here 

 the Loiifjleaf I'ine is found in its full i)erfection and funiLslies timber of excellent quality.' About 

 lli per cent of these ])ineelad tablelands are under enltivation, and about "-'L' per cent of thi' hills, 

 with their generous red soil, are covered with a mixed growth of i)ine and oak; lx)th of these 

 divisions cover au area of not less than 4,000 .sipiare miles.' 



The Longleaf I'ine timber standing in Souih Carolina in the census year ISSO was estimated 

 at 5,31ti,Ot)(>,0(lO feet, boaid measure.' with an annual cut of 12I,0(K),(MI() feet. 



In 1890 forty mills sawing exclusively Longleaf I'liie timber have been rejiorled ' with an 

 aggregate daily capacity of about 510,(100 feet, taken at the lowest figure. This would indicate 

 for that year a cut of (!.S,0(M),000 feet, hoard measure, which may al.su be considered the average 

 annual cut for the last fifteen years. 



The exiwrts of lumber from Charleston, the chief port, have since the year 1880 steadily 

 increa.sed, the excess in ISOO over the amount in 18S0 reaching over 100 per cent, as is exliibited 

 in the following statement: 



Slttiemiiil nf tiimhcr tj-purliil fnini Chdrlislon, S. (., lo farriyn anil tinmiKtii- purls frnin llu hri)in)iiii(i iif ISfio lu Iht clu«e 



of IS'.il. 



[Iiicluilcscoimiilirablu Loblolly iinil ShiirtlCiif Pine.] 



(liiiiqla. — The great ))ine State of the South, which has given to the Longleaf Pine the name of 

 Georgia I'ine. by which this lniid)er is known the world over, embraces the largest of the Atlantic 

 l)ino forests. At a rough estimate, these cover over 10,000 square miles, including the narrow 

 strip of live-oak lands bordering the seashore. The flat woods and savannas of the coast jilaiii are 

 from 10 to 1.") miles wide. They are almost entirely stripped of their growth of Longleaf I'ine. 



The upland pine forests, the pine barrens pro])er, or wire-grass region,"' embrace over 17,000 

 square miles. This region forms a vast plain, nearly level except on the north, covered exclusively 

 with Longleaf Pine. About 120 per cent of these lands have been cleared for cultivation. 



Foi'merly the princiiial sites of the lumber industry were Darien, 15runswick, and Savannah 

 The logs were rafted hundreds of miles down the Savannah, the Ogeechce, the Altaniaha and its 

 large tributaries, the Oconee and Ocmulgee. A limited ([uantity is carried down the Flint and 

 Chattahoochee rivers to Apalachicola. The railroad.s, however, su[i])ly the mills now to the 

 largest extent. 



The forests of these pine uplands are in ([uality. and originally in (|uaiitity. of their timber 

 resour<;es equal to any found east of the i\Iississii)])i Kiver. The soil is a loose sand, underlaid by 

 a more or less sandy butr-coh)red or reddish loam. The almost level or gently undnlaMng i)laiu 

 becomes slightly broken along the water courses, and the forests of Longleaf Pine are interrupted 

 by wide, swamjiy bottoms which inclose the strtMuns and are heavily timbered with the Loblolly 

 Pine, Cuban Pine, Laurel Oak, Water Oak, Magnolia, White and lied Pay, and Cyjucss. On 

 the better class of the pine-timber lands the amonnt of marketable timber found varies between 

 3,000 and 10,000 feet to the acre. The trees yielding lumber and square-sawn timber of the highest 



' Kirk Il.-immonil, Coiisn.s Report, Vol. VI, Cotton ]iro(liiition of South Carolina. 

 - Iluinniond, 1 c. 



'Report of Tenth Census, Vol. IX. 



■'Lnnil)er Tradii Directory, Northwestern l-iiiiilu-niian, Chiciigo, .July, 1890. 



'■From the so-called w'xtc-'^tuss Arittiila slrirta, iht; most (liaracteristic jilaiit of tlie dry. sandy, pine t)arrcns 

 from western Alabama to the Atlantic coast. 



