On the Arabian Frontier of Egypt. 17 



with existing ruins, — is too well fixed by this correspondencfe 

 to admit of doubt or controversy.* And if this be the cele- 

 brated maritime city known to ancient geography as Heroum,, 

 Heroon, and H'eroopolis,^ which it would be absurd to 



* All the roads introduced in the map are comprehended in the subjoined 

 extracts from the Itinerary of Antoninus. As the roads are graduated in Ro- 

 man miles, according to the scale, the cities they lead to will be easily found ; 

 and (with only one exception, Tasacarta) correspond to ruins still to be seen. 



EOAD I. From Pelusium to Memphis. 



Pelusio to Daphne,* M.P., xvi.,— to Tasacarta, xviii.,— to Thou, xxiv.,— to 

 Scenas Veteranorum, xxvi., — to Heliu, xiv., — to Memphi, xxiv. 



• Eemark.— The position of Tel Bcfcnneh, the remains of iDaphne, enable us 

 to detect and rectify an error— probably of copy— a deficient x in the Ro- 

 man numerals. Tel Defennch is exactly xxvi. M.P. from Farama, the 

 remains of Pelusium. 



Road II. From the Serapeum to Pelusium. 



Serapiu to Thaubasio, M.P. viii.,— to Silee,* xxviii.,— to Magdolo, xii.,— to 

 Pelusio, xii. 



1 Eeiiiark. — There is here another error analogous to the above ; a redundant 

 X in the Roman numerals, which the ruins enable us to rectify. The dis- 

 tance between the vestiges of Silaj and Thaubasio is xviii. M.P. 



Road III. From Babylon to Clysmo. 



Babylon to Heliu, M.P. xii.,— to Scenas Veteranorum, xviii.* (some copies 



have xvii.), — to Vico Judasorum, sii. — to Thou, xii., — to Hero, xxiv., 



to Serapiu, xviii., — to Clysma, L. 



•' iJonarit.— Two slight discrepancies in this road may be easily removed by 

 the position of the ruius, which correspond exactly with the distances as- 

 signed to them by Road I. The xvii. M.P. .which some copies have, be- 

 tween Heliu and Scena;, seem a copyist's error for xiiii. And, since there 

 are xxvi. M.P. between Scenic and Thou, as well by the ruins as by Road 

 1..— and the true distance between Scenoe and the intermediate station, 

 Vicus Judaiorum, is nearly xii. M.P., in which the present road coincides 

 with tlie ruins,— it follows that there ought to be more than xii. between 

 Vicus Judajorum and Thou, and that the repetition of xii. here must be 

 a copyist's error. The real distance, by the ruins, is a Ultle above .-dv., 

 which exactly makes up the total of xxvi. to Thou. 



Road IV. Part of road from Gaza to Alexandria. 



Pelusio to Heracleus, M.P. xxii., — to Tanis, xxv., — to Thmuis, xxii., — to 

 Cyno, XXV., &c. 

 t Strabo renders the name of this city by tuv H^uuv vcoXis, of which " City 

 of Heroes" seems the literal translation. Hero or Heron was an Egyptian 

 god. It is possible that the Egyptian name, the true orthography of which 

 is unknown, might have had a plural termination, that led this geographer 

 into what rather appears, than is, an error, as this form given to the proper 

 name may be only emijhatic, no notion of plurality being necessarily in- 

 tended. The corresponding Hebrew name Hiroth has likewise a fern. 

 plural termination. A curious mistake of the Septuagint may fairly be ad- 

 duced in proof that, when this version was made, a city known to them as 

 Hiroth existed in Egypt on the road to Palestine, and that it was called in 

 VOL. XHV. NO. LXXXVII. — .IAN. 1848. B 



