AUitudinal Distribiitiun of Ueptiles. 279 



Prince of Wales Island (Pulo Pinang), 5° 25' N. L,, 100° 19' E. 

 y alley: Mean annual temperature, SO^'OS Fahr. Average monthly 

 range of the thermometer, 11"; greatest daily range, 13''. Annual 

 quantity of rain 5b-5 inch. (143 days.) 



mih: Granite. Highest elevation (m-sto-n J/«'«), 2500 ft. Mean 

 annual temperature 71°. Average monthly range of the thermometer 

 10°; greatest daily range, 9'. Annual quantity of rain, 116-6 inch 

 (174: days.) Vegetation, even for a tropical, distinguished by luxuriance, 

 beauty, and variety. Characteristic features : Filices. {Alsophila con- 

 taminans, \Y3l.—8chkaa clichotoma,—Nmroplatiiceros (Acrostkhum) 

 bifonne, Desvontaine. Polypodium Ilorsjieldii, Bennett.) 

 Pandanaceae. (Freycinetia.) 

 Taccaceae. {Tacca cristata. Jack.) 



Palmaceffi. {Areca catechu, Willd. Avenrja saccharlfera, Labill. Nijm 

 fruticans. Euophis tigillana. Jack. " Pinang Lawyer.''* Calamus.) 

 Scitaminese. (Halychhun sumatrauum, Jack. Amomtim HJlonun, 

 Jack). 



Orchidacese. 



Taxaceae. {Dacrydium. Podocarpus.) 

 Gnetaceaj. {Gnetum (fncmon. Gnetum hrunonianum.) 

 Artocarpea;. {Phytocrene palmata, Wal. Phytocrcne hracteata,t 

 Wal.) 



Nepenthacea. {Nepenthes distillatoria. Nepenthes ampullana. 

 Jack.) 



Gesneraceae. (Didymocarpus crimtus, Jack.) 

 Euphorbiaceae. 



Corylaceffi. (Quercus racemosa, Jack. Lithoceopus javensls, Blume ) 

 Begoniaceae. [Begonia orhiculata, Jack.) 



SterculiaceEe. (Sterculia coccinea, Roxburgh. Durio Zibcthinus, Lin.) 

 Dipteraceae. (Dipterocarpus.) 

 Aurantiaceae. [Murraya puniculata, Loar.) 

 Anacardiaceat?. {Stagmaria verniciflua, Jack.) 

 Connaraceae. [Eurycoma longifolia. Jack.) 

 Garcinieae, 



Melastomacejc. {Melastoma hracteata, Jack. M. cxlgiia, Jack. 

 M. glauca. Jack. Sonerila moluccana, Rob.) 

 Myrtaceac. 



Singapore Island, T 24' N. L., 104° E. Mean annual temperatuie, 

 SO"". Greatest daily range of theremometer, 10°. Annual number of 

 rainy days, 185. Surface gently undulating. Sandstone hills, indicat- 

 ing remote convulsion ; highest hill {BuUt Timah) 530 ft. In the val- 

 leys occur vegetable and animal forms, which at Pinang have been ob- 

 served at or near the summit of the hills, but not in the plains. Thus 

 at Singapore, occur Alsophila, Schizmi, Tacca cristata, Gnetum, Ne- 

 penthes, Begonia, Eurycoma, and others, which at Pinang appear to affect 

 a much greater elevation. Instances of Reptiles in common to the plains 

 of Singapore and the hills of Pinang are, Ptychozoon homalocephalum, 



* An undoscribcd dwarf palm, hitherto eupposod to l)e confined to the hills 

 of Pinang. Sir William Norris found it on Mount Oiiliir in 1847. 



t This gpecics appeai-s to be confined to the lower part of the hills and the 

 valleys. 



