Studies in Entomogenous Fungi. T. Petch. 93 
been sent by Bailey from Brisbane, Queensland. In the Hand- 
book of Australian Fungi, Cooke gave figures of the conidia. 
It grew on “‘Coccus of the orange.” 
In 1892, Cooke enumerated and briefly described some of the 
foregoing species in his Vegetable Wasps and Plant Worms. 
Of Microcera rectispora Cke. and Mass., he stated, “‘In appear- 
ance it differs so little from the European species that, apart 
from the fructification (sic), they would be regarded as the same. 
So much importance has of late years been given to minute 
differences in spores that new species have become inevitable. 
In this instance, the spores are quite straight and spindle- 
shaped, acute at both ends, with about seven septa, and 
150-200 x 10p.’’ Cooke’s figures suggest the conidial stage of 
Ophionectria coccicola. 
In the same year, Ellis and Everhart published their North 
American Pyrenomycetes. In it they included Sphaerostilbe 
coccophila Tul., stating that specimens had been found on 
Alnus serrulata in Pennsylvania. Their description is practi- 
cally that of Tulasne. They added “the conidial stage (Mzcro- 
cera coccophila Desm.) which has been sent from Florida by 
Dr Martin, and collected in Carolina by Ravenel (F. Am. 286) 
has stroma arising from various species of bark lice.. It is red, 
obtuse, and about 2 mm. high. The conidia are linear-lanceolate, 
5-7 septate, and 56-65 x 5-6, nearly hyaline.” 
In 1897, Rolfs reported Sphaerostilbe coccophila as a parasite 
of the San José Scale, Aspidiotus perniciosus, in Florida, and 
inaugurated the use of the fungus as a means of combating 
that pest. From Rolf’s figures, it would appear that he had 
Sphaerostilbe coccophila, or a species closely allied, though later 
workers in Florida have undoubtedly confused two totally 
distinct forms. 
McAlpine, in 1899, included descriptions of Microcera recti- 
spora Cke. and Mass. and Microcera coccophila Desm. in his 
Fungus diseases of Citrus trees in Australia. His description of 
the former is that of Cooke and Massee. There does not appear 
to have been any but the type collection of this species ; McAlpine 
cites Bailey’s gathering, and adds that it was on Chionaspis 
cttrvt. In the same publication, McAlpine described Fusarium 
epicoccum, on Red Scale on Mandarin orange. 
In 1901, Nomura published a paper on the Scarlet fungus 
disease of Scale insects in Japan. As this was written in 
Japanese, it had been overlooked by later writers until Miyabe 
and Sawada drew attention to it. Nomura stated that the 
sporodochia of his species were not stilboid, but irregularly- 
shaped protuberances of the Tubercularia type; and, after com- 
parison with the figures of Sphaerostilbe coccophila given by 
