Studies in Entomogenous Fungi. T. Petch. IOI 
is visible, and the fructifications appear to arise from the margin 
of the scale. In general, the fructifications lie flat on the host 
plant, radiating from the scale, but they are frequently directed 
obliquely upwards. They are seldom, or never, quite erect. 
Each conidial fructification (Plate III, fig. 11) consists of an 
ovoid, subcylindric, or cushion-shaped base, contracted above 
and below, as a rule, and surmounted by a conical tip. The 
distinction between the basal portion and the conical tip is 
usually well-marked, as the two parts differ both in colour and 
structure. But in some cases the base is reduced to a height of 
about 0-2 mm. or less, and then only the conical tip is im- 
mediately evident (Plate III, fig. 12). 
In well-developed examples, the basal part is ovoid, red, 
minutely rough, pruinose, and opaque, and has the appearance 
of a red Nectria. In general, however, the base is broader than 
it is long or thick, and may have a breadth of 0-6 mm., with a 
height of 0-2 mm. Its sides are usually curved, so that it is 
constricted above and below, but in the form on Aonidia 
(Plate III, figs. 9, 10) there may not be any constriction above, 
and the fructification then tapers gradually from the point of 
attachment to the apex. In small examples, the base is often 
translucent. 
The conical tip consists of long, parallel hyphae, united into 
narrow triangular teeth, or sometimes into a sheet which is 
almost continuous. These teeth converge at the apex, in general, 
but they may stand more or less parallel to one another. As 
a rule, the tip greatly exceeds the base in length. It may be 
pinkish when fresh, but on old examples, or in herbarium speci- 
mens, it is white. 
In the majority of specimens the base is composed of inter- 
woven hyphae. These hyphae are irregular, rather closely 
septate, constricted at the septa, and with strongly inflated 
segments, or moniliform, consisting of a chain of more or less 
rounded cells. These cells are usually filled with a red plasma. 
The stroma from which the fructification arises has the same 
structure. The hyphae in this case separate under pressure. 
They have been figured by Miyabe and Sawada for Microcera 
Fujikurot. 
In the larger examples the development of the base has ad- 
vanced further, and the hyphae are fused together so that the 
base is parenchymatous. This happens in the common Ceylon 
form on Lepidosaphes, etc., but it is most frequent and most 
clearly evident in specimens from Florida and the West Indies. 
In section the base consists of polygonal thick-walled cells, 
without coloured contents, hyaline in the centre, but reddish, 
or red-brown, towards the exterior. 
