Studies in Entomogenous Fungi. T. Petch. 117 
In 1854 (Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., Ser. 2, vol. x11, p. 461), 
Berkeley and Broome described a new species, Adractium 
flammeum. The type specimen was collected by J. Ralfs, on 
the bark of living willows, but the species was assigned to 
Berkeley and Ravenel, because it had been found “‘in similar 
situations, peeping up from beneath lichens,” by Ravenel in 
South Carolina: it was described as “scarcely half a line high, 
cylindric, flame red, pruinose below, head convex, spores -003 
inch long, curved, fusiform, hyaline with six or more septa, 
seated on long sporophores.”’ Berkeley and Broome added the 
note “Mr Ravenel in a late communication suspects it to be 
a state of some Nectria”’; and on the herbarium specimens, 
Ravenel 1433 bears the note by Ravenel, “Can it be Sphaeria 
muscivora Berk.,”’ while Ravenel 976 is marked by him 
“?Sphaeria muscivora Berk.” 
Ralfs’s specimens in Herb. Kew, ex Herb. Berk. are “‘ No. go, 
Atractium flammeum Berk. and Rav., in Salix viva, Penzance,” 
and ‘195, Atractium flammeum Berk. and Rav., in Fraxinum 
adhuc vivum, Penzance,” with a drawing of the spore marked 
343. In Herb. B.M., ex Herb. Broome, there is a specimen from 
Ralfs, but it is marked ‘‘ Microcera coccophila Desm., 468 d, on 
Willows, Penzance, January, J. Ralfs.’”’ None of these specimens 
is dated. In all the British specimens, the fungus is parasitic 
on Chionaspis salicis. 
Of Ravenel’s specimens, Herb. British Museum has, ex Herb. 
Ravenel, a specimen marked by Ravenel “ Atvactium fammeum 
Berk. and Rav. var. minor, S.C., Fasc. v, 80, Ravenel”; another 
with printed label, “‘86, Atvactium flammeum Berk. and Rav. 
var. minor, ad corticem vivum Aceris”’; “976, Atractium  flam- 
meum B. and R., Aest., ad Parmeliam, S.C., H.W.R.”’; ‘1433, 
Atractium flammeum B. and R., Feb. vad muscos, SG .H. Weiss 
“1843, Atractium flammeum B. and Rav., on Acer rubrum, 
S.C.”; “1843, Atractium flammeum B. and Rav., on bark of 
living Acer, Aiken, S.C., H.W.R.”’ Both 86 and 1843 contain 
perithecia. 
In Herb. Kew, ex Herb. Berk., there are “(Atractium flam- 
meum Berk. and Rav.), 976, S phaeria muscivora? Berk. (in 
corticem non) on Parmelia, S.C., H.W.R.,” the words in paren- 
theses having been added by Berkeley; ‘ (Atvacttum flammeum 
Berk. and Rav.), 1433, Feb., on mosses, Frullania virginica, 
S.C., H.W.R., Can it be Sphaerta muscivora Berk.” ; “1843, 
Atractium flammeum B. and R., on Acer rubrum (living trees), 
Aiken, S.C., H.W.R.”; “No. 2958, Stilbum, Car. Inf.”; and a 
packet, ex Herb. Cooke, bearing a label in Ravenel’s hand- 
writing “‘Atractium flammeum Berk. and Rav. var. minor.” 
All the foregoing specimens are the same, and are Microcera 
