Studies in Entomogenous Fungi. T. Petch. 125 
The synnemata arise from a narrow, yellowish-white, loose 
weft of hyphae at one side of, or surrounding, the scale. They 
are orange-red, or pinkish-red with a blood-red head, generally 
erect, clavate, expanding into an ovoid head (Plate III, fig. 1), 
or with a cylindrical stalk and a subglobose head, or uniformly 
cylindric. Small specimens are about 0-8 mm. high, 0-15 mm. 
diameter below, expanding into a head, 0-3 mm. diameter, but 
they may attain a height of 2 mm., with a stalk 0-4 mm. dia- 
meter and a head 0-6 mm. diameter. Several may arise from 
the same scale, and adjacent synnemata may fuse laterally into 
a broad band. The stalk is sometimes smooth, but more usually 
longitudinally fibrillose, especially at the base. When fresh, the 
fructification is subtranslucent: when dry, it is hard and horny, 
and, while the smaller specimens may retain the blood-red 
colour of the head, the larger become a nondescript brownish 
red or reddish yellow. Some specimens are almost sessile, clavate 
or ovoid. The head is often laterally compressed, and often 
hooked or produced laterally into a point. 
The outer layer of the stalk hyphae forms a continuous sheath 
which divides above into long triangular teeth, about 120 u long 
and 16, broad at the base. In small specimens, these teeth 
may converge at the apex of the head, but in the larger they 
are adherent to its sides. The outer sheath hyphae are about 
4p diameter, equal, septate, and united by ladder connections. 
The interior stalk hyphae are continued above as branched 
conidiophores, 3 » diameter, with long branches. Ladder con- 
nections are common between the bases of the conidiophores. 
The conidia are cylindric, tapering towards the ends (Plate V, 
fig. 10), or long fusoid, straight, or slightly curved at the ends, 
hyaline, multiseptate. Under a low power they have a distinct 
yellow tinge. Up to eleven septa have been counted, but nine 
is more usual. The two ends of the spore are not equally curved; 
the distal end is slightly and uniformly curved and terminates 
in an obtuse point, while the proximal end is more falcately 
curved and more acute. A few uniformly curved conidia, of 
the same length, may sometimes be found. Measurements of 
the conidia from different gatherings are 88-110 x 6-7; 
go-116 x 6-7 w; 80-112 x 6-7 w; 84-104 x 7; 96-120 x 5-6; 
QO-120 x 6-7 w; 70-92 x 5-6. 
In addition to the conidia described above, a smaller, more 
curved conidium (Plate V, fig. 11) is found in some gatherings. 
It was noted by Berkeley and Broome, and has been observed 
in five recent collections, including one from Dominica. It does 
not occur in the head with the long conidia, but on the looser 
mycelium at the base of the stalk. Sometimes it is found at the 
base of the perithecium, although there may be no conidial 
