EARLY TREE-PLANTING IN SCOTLAND. 21 



man ever planted in his lifetime. His work is of great value, as 

 giving personal experience with the trees named. These are — 

 Oak, Beech, Scots Elm, London Elm, Dutch Elm, Ash, Walnut, 

 Chestnut, Plane (Sycamore), Hornbeam, Service-tree, Black Cherry 

 (Geen), Quick-beam (Rowan or Rhoddan-tree), Laburnum or 

 Pease-cod-tree, Maple, Lime, Hazel, Birch, Alder, Poplar, Abele, 

 Aspin-tree or Quaking-asp, Willow; Firs— Great Pine, Pinaster, 

 Evergreen Oak* and Cork-tree,* Cedar,* Yew, Holly Bays. 

 Lord Haddington had no knowledge of the trees marked *. 

 His father, who lived at Leslie, Fife, planted a good deal there 

 about the year 1700, and Lord Haddington also names as others 

 who had preceded him with planting, the first Marquis of Tweed- 

 dale (died 1697), Lord Rankeilour (died 1707), and Sir William 

 Bruce, and also the Earl of Mar, who first " introduced the 

 wilderness way of planting amongst us" at Alloa. When Lord 

 Haddington came to live at Tyninghame, about 1705, he found 

 not above fourteen acres set with trees, and with those as a 

 start he made the great developments which are illustrious in the 

 annals of tree-planting, and permanent to the present day — in 

 succession at any rate. 



Lord Haddington's book was preceded in publication by one 

 not so well known or so important, but of considerable value as 

 an indication of the spirit which was finding expression in 

 Scotland at the period. Brigadier-General William Mackintosh 

 of Borlum (1662-1743) was imprisoned in Edinburgh for the 

 part he took in the Jacobite rising of 17 15, and while in 

 confinement wrote An Essay on Ways and Meatis of E7iclosing, 

 Fallowing, Platitmg, d-c, Scotland, and that in sixteen years at 

 the Furthest, -prmiedi at Edinburgh in 1729. He says that there 

 was very little stock of trees either barren, fruit, or hedging 

 quicksets, but names some landowners in the north who were 

 setting a good example in planting. Mackintosh himself, when 

 living at Raits near Alvie in 1698, set down a row of Elms along 

 the old military road at Kingussie, and these grew to be fine 

 trees. Another indication of the growth of the spirit of planting 

 and cultivation in Scotland in the seventeenth century is the 

 foundation of the BotanJc Garden, Edinburgh, in 1680, where 

 was grown the first Cedar of Lebanon known in Scotland, 

 planted so early as 1683^' (15). Other early dates for Cedars are 

 Fordell, Inverkeithing, in 1693, and Biel in 1707 (11). In the 

 Edinburgh gardens were " every kind of tree and shrub as well 



